Buried Treasure: Evolutionary Perspectives on Microbial Iron Piracy.
Buried Treasure: Evolutionary Perspectives on Microbial Iron Piracy.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tig.2015.09.001
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发表时间：
2015-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Elde NC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barber MF;Elde NC
寄主-病原体相互作用为进化遗传学和自然选择的研究提供了有价值的系统。必需铁的螯合已经成为一种重要的先天防御系统，称为营养免疫，导致病原体进化出“铁掠夺”机制，以从宿主蛋白质中吸收这种金属。这场争夺铁的战争不仅对宿主-病原体的进化，而且对微生物群落的相互作用产生了许多后果。在这里，我们强调了最近和潜在的未来领域的调查微生物铁海盗分子军备竞赛，宿主范围，竞争和毒力的进化影响。将进化遗传学方法应用于微生物铁获取的研究也可以为理解和对抗传染病提供新的进展。微生物和它们的宿主之间争夺营养铁的斗争正在成为进化遗传冲突的新前线。宿主铁结合蛋白和微生物“铁海盗”因子之间可能会出现分子军备竞赛，这些因子会窃取这种营养物质用于生长。这种快速进化也可能有助于致病微生物的宿主范围。铁的获取在环境和宿主内微生物之间的进化相互作用中起着重要作用。对铁的竞争可以防止病原体的感染，而铁获取系统的遗传变化可以增强微生物的毒力。营养铁的进化冲突正在揭示抗病性的潜在新遗传机制以及治疗开发的途径。
Host–pathogen interactions provide valuable systems for the study of evolutionary genetics and natural selection. The sequestration of essential iron has emerged as a crucial innate defense system termed nutritional immunity, leading pathogens to evolve mechanisms of ‘iron piracy’ to scavenge this metal from host proteins. This battle for iron carries numerous consequences not only for host–pathogen evolution but also microbial community interactions. Here we highlight recent and potential future areas of investigation on the evolutionary implications of microbial iron piracy in relation to molecular arms races, host range, competition, and virulence. Applying evolutionary genetic approaches to the study of microbial iron acquisition could also provide new inroads for understanding and combating infectious disease. The battle between microbes and their hosts for nutrient iron is emerging as a new front of evolutionary genetic conflict. Molecular arms races can emerge between host iron-binding proteins and microbial ‘iron piracy’ factors that steal this nutrient for growth. Such rapid evolution may also contribute to the host range of pathogenic microbes. Iron acquisition plays an important role in evolutionary interactions between microbes, both in the environment and within the host. Competition for iron can prevent infection by pathogens, while genetic changes in iron acquisition systems can enhance microbial virulence. Evolutionary conflicts for nutrient iron are revealing potential new genetic mechanisms of disease resistance as well as avenues for therapeutic development.