Binding and folding in transcriptional complexes.

Binding and folding in transcriptional complexes.
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转录复合物中的结合和折叠。

DOI:
10.1016/j.sbi.2020.10.026
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Smith NC
Smith NC
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Smith NC

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转录因子功能的许多方面都涉及结合后的折叠。内在紊乱在DNA结合和转录激活中起作用。技术进步允许对结合和折叠机制进行更深入的研究。结合不一定促进折叠,相反,复合物存在于从高度无序到高度有序的光谱上。静电和异质性在结合和折叠中起着重要作用。转录因子是其中之一。这些蛋白质的紊乱程度最高。对这些调控蛋白的研究不仅揭示了基因调控的机制,而且揭示了适用于所有内在无序蛋白的关系。最近的研究证实,结合并不一定会诱导折叠,但当它这样做时,它往往遵循诱导适合机制。其他工作强调静电的重要性,涉及内在无序蛋白质的相互作用,以及内在无序在相变中的作用。所有这些特征有助于将转录因子引导到基因组中的靶位点以上调或下调转录。
HighlightsMany aspects of transcription factor function involve folding upon binding.Intrinsic disorder plays a role in both DNA binding and transcriptional activation.Technological advances allow closer investigation into mechanisms of binding and folding.Binding does not necessarily promote folding, rather complexes exist on a spectrum from highly disordered to highly ordered.Electrostatics and heterogeneity play important roles binding and folding.Transcription factors are among the classes of proteins with the highest levels of disorder. Investigation of these regulatory proteins is uncovering not just the mechanisms that underlie gene regulation, but relationships that apply to all intrinsically disordered proteins. Recent studies confirm that binding does not necessarily induce folding but that when it does, it tends to follow induced fit mechanisms. Other work emphasises the importance of electrostatics to interactions involving intrinsically disordered proteins, and roles of intrinsic disorder in phase transitions. All these features help direct transcription factors to target sites in the genome to upregulate or downregulate transcription.
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