Progress and prospects of early detection in lung cancer.
Progress and prospects of early detection in lung cancer.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsob.170070
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发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Dive C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blandin Knight S;Crosbie PA;Balata H;Chudziak J;Hussell T;Dive C
肺癌是世界上与癌症相关的死亡的主要原因。它大致分为小细胞(SCLC，约.15%的病例)和非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC，约.85%的病例)。NSCLC的主要组织学亚型是腺癌和鳞癌，特殊DNA突变的存在允许进一步的分子分层。如果在早期发现，手术切除非小细胞肺癌可以提供良好的预后，已发表的病例系列报道了小的局部肿瘤的5年存活率高达70%(阶段I)。然而，大多数患者(约75%)在确诊时已是晚期(III/IV期)，尽管近年来晚期肺癌的肿瘤学治疗取得了重大进展，但存活率仍然很低。2014年，英国国家统计局报告称，被诊断为远处转移性疾病(IV期)的患者一年存活率仅为15%-19%，而I期患者的1年存活率为81%-85%。
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. It is broadly divided into small cell (SCLC, approx. 15% cases) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, approx. 85% cases). The main histological subtypes of NSCLC are adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, with the presence of specific DNA mutations allowing further molecular stratification. If identified at an early stage, surgical resection of NSCLC offers a favourable prognosis, with published case series reporting 5-year survival rates of up to 70% for small, localized tumours (stage I). However, most patients (approx. 75%) have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis (stage III/IV) and despite significant developments in the oncological management of late stage lung cancer over recent years, survival remains poor. In 2014, the UK Office for National Statistics reported that patients diagnosed with distant metastatic disease (stage IV) had a 1-year survival rate of just 15–19% compared with 81–85% for stage I.