Contribution of major FLM isoforms to temperature-dependent flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Contribution of major FLM isoforms to temperature-dependent flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erx328
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发表时间：
2017-11-02
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Schmid M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Capovilla G;Symeonidi E;Wu R;Schmid M
通过 CRISPR/Cas9 技术生成的 FLM 外显子的定向删除，阐明了特定剪接变体如何有助于调节拟南芥温度依赖性开花时间。 FLOWERING LOCUS M (FLM) 是拟南芥中热感开花时间途径的一个组成部分，受到温度依赖性选择性剪接 (AS) 的调节。主要剪接变体 FLM-β 是一种有据可查的花抑制因子，它会随着环境生长温度的升高而下调。已经提出了两个假设来解释 FLM 的 AS 如何调节开花时间。在第一个模型中，第二个剪接变体 FLM-δ 作为显性负亚型，在环境温度升高时与 FLM-β 竞争，从而间接促进开花。或者，有人认为高温下诱导开花仅是由 FLM-β 表达减少引起的。为了更好地理解两种 FLM 剪接形式的作用，我们采用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术来特异性删除表征每个剪接变体的外显子。产生抑制性FLM-β但不能产生FLM-δ的品系开花晚。相比之下，仍然产生FLM-δ的FLM-β敲除品系开花较早，但不早于flm-3功能丧失突变体，正如FLM-δ对开花具有显性负效应时所预期的那样。我们的数据支持 FLM-β 作为花抑制子的作用，并提供证据表明 FLM-δ 对野生型拟南芥开花时间调节的贡献似乎不太可能。
Targeted deletions of exons in FLM, generated through CRISPR/Cas9 technology, clarify how specific splice variants contribute to the regulation of temperature-dependent flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana. FLOWERING LOCUS M (FLM), a component of the thermosensory flowering time pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana, is regulated by temperature-dependent alternative splicing (AS). The main splicing variant, FLM-β, is a well-documented floral repressor that is down-regulated in response to increasing ambient growth temperature. Two hypotheses have been formulated to explain how flowering time is modulated by AS of FLM. In the first model a second splice variant, FLM-δ, acts as a dominant negative isoform that competes with FLM-β at elevated ambient temperatures, thereby indirectly promoting flowering. Alternatively, it has been suggested that the induction of flowering at elevated temperatures is caused only by reduced FLM-β expression. To better understand the role of the two FLM splice forms, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 technology to specifically delete the exons that characterize each splice variant. Lines that produced repressive FLM-β but were incapable of producing FLM-δ were late flowering. In contrast, FLM-β knockout lines that still produced FLM-δ flowered early, but not earlier than the flm-3 loss of function mutant, as would be expected if FLM-δ had a dominant-negative effect on flowering. Our data support the role of FLM-β as a flower repressor and provide evidence that a contribution of FLM-δ to the regulation of flowering time in wild-type A. thaliana seems unlikely.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.88.16.7276
发表时间：
1991-08-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
HOLLAND, PM;ABRAMSON, RD;GELFAND, DH
通讯作者：
GELFAND, DH
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Jinek, Martin;Chylinski, Krzysztof;Charpentier, Emmanuelle
通讯作者：
Charpentier, Emmanuelle
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Clough, SJ;Bent, AF
通讯作者：
Bent, AF
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Michaels, SD;Amasino, RM
通讯作者：
Amasino, RM
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Scortecci, KC;Michaels, SD;Amasino, RM
通讯作者：
Amasino, RM