Transspinal Direct Current Stimulation Produces Persistent Plasticity in Human Motor Pathways
Transspinal Direct Current Stimulation Produces Persistent Plasticity in Human Motor Pathways
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-18872-z
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发表时间：
2018-01-15
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Knikou, Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Murray, Lynda M.;Tahayori, Behdad;Knikou, Maria
脊髓是下行、上行和节段性神经信号的整合中心。因此，非侵入性经脊髓刺激可能构成局部和远端神经回路同时调节的有效方法。在这项研究中，我们建立了健康个体在接受经脊髓直流电刺激（tsDCS）前、0-15分钟和30-45分钟时皮质脊髓和脊髓神经回路的兴奋性和输入/输出功能的变化。我们发现皮层内抑制在不同的刺激极性中是不同的，但随着时间的推移保持不变。受试者坐着时，经阴极和经阳极tsDCS传送后，皮质内易化程度增加，仰卧时，经阴极tsDCS传送后，皮质内易化程度降低。阴极和阳极tsDCS均增加了皮质脊髓兴奋性，但只有当受试者仰卧时，阴极tsDCS才会在刺激后持续30分钟。脊髓输入/输出反射功能受到阴极而非阳极tsDCS的抑制。这些变化可能是由于tsDCS改变了自发神经活动和皮质神经元细胞的膜电位，其机制与调节运动学习的机制相似。我们的研究结果表明，胸椎tsDCS能够同时改变人类的皮质、皮质脊髓和脊髓运动输出。
The spinal cord is an integration center for descending, ascending, and segmental neural signals. Noninvasive transspinal stimulation may thus constitute an effective method for concomitant modulation of local and distal neural circuits. In this study, we established changes in cortical excitability and input/output function of corticospinal and spinal neural circuits before, at 0-15 and at 30-45 minutes after cathodal, anodal, and sham transspinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) to the thoracic region in healthy individuals. We found that intracortical inhibition was different among stimulation polarities, however remained unchanged over time. Intracortical facilitation increased after cathodal and anodal tsDCS delivered with subjects seated, and decreased after cathodal tsDCS delivered with subjects lying supine. Both cathodal and anodal tsDCS increased corticospinal excitability, yet facilitation was larger and persisted for 30 minutes post stimulation only when cathodal tsDCS was delivered with subjects lying supine. Spinal input/output reflex function was decreased by cathodal and not anodal tsDCS. These changes may be attributed to altered spontaneous neural activity and membrane potentials of corticomotoneuronal cells by tsDCS involving similar mechanisms to those mediating motor learning. Our findings indicate that thoracic tsDCS has the ability to concomitantly alter cortical, corticospinal, and spinal motor output in humans.