The Effectiveness of Policy Interventions for School Bullying: A Systematic Review.
The Effectiveness of Policy Interventions for School Bullying: A Systematic Review.
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DOI：
10.1086/690565
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Hall W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall W
欺凌威胁着学生的精神和教育健康。虽然反欺凌政策很普遍，但人们对其有效性知之甚少。本系统回顾评估了研究方法的特点，并总结了研究的实质性结果，检查学校欺凌政策的有效性。从1995年1月1日起，在11个书目数据库中检索出489项研究。根据先验纳入标准，重复删除和双重独立筛选后，纳入了21项研究进行审查。更多的教育工作者认为反欺凌政策是有效的，而不是无效的。虽然有几项研究表明，政策的存在或质量与学生欺凌率降低有关，但其他研究发现，政策的存在或质量与欺凌减少之间没有这种关联。这项研究一致，这项审查发现，学校的反欺凌政策，列举了基于性取向和性别认同的保护与更好地保护女同性恋，男同性恋，双性恋，变性人和酷儿（LGBTQ）学生。具体而言，在有这种政策的学校里，LGBTQ学生报告说，学校工作人员的骚扰减少了，干预也更频繁和有效。关于反欺凌政策和教育工作者对一般欺凌行为的反应之间的关系，研究结果喜忧参半。如果反欺凌政策的内容是基于证据和合理的理论，并且如果它们以高度的忠诚度实施，那么它们可能会有效地减少欺凌行为。需要更多的研究来改善现有研究的局限性。
Bullying threatens the mental and educational well-being of students. Although anti-bullying policies are prevalent, little is known about their effectiveness. This systematic review evaluates the methodological characteristics and summarizes substantive findings of studies examining the effectiveness of school bullying policies. Searches of 11 bibliographic databases yielded 489 studies completed since January 1, 1995. Following duplicate removal and double-independent screening based on a priori inclusion criteria, 21 studies were included for review. Substantially more educators perceive anti-bullying policies to be effective rather than ineffective. Whereas several studies show that the presence or quality of policies is associated with lower rates of bullying among students, other studies found no such associations between policy presence or quality and reductions in bullying. Consistent across studies, this review found that schools with anti-bullying policies that enumerated protections based on sexual orientation and gender identity were associated with better protection of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) students. Specifically, LGBTQ students in schools with such policies reported less harassment and more frequent and effective intervention by school personnel. Findings are mixed regarding the relationship between having an anti-bullying policy and educators’ responsiveness to general bullying. Anti-bullying policies might be effective at reducing bullying if their content is based on evidence and sound theory and if they are implemented with a high level of fidelity. More research is needed to improve on limitations among extant studies.