The escape behavior of the cockroachPeriplaneta americana
The escape behavior of the cockroachPeriplaneta americana
复制标题
美洲大蠊的逃逸行为
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Tom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Camhi;W. Tom
摘要1.美洲大蠊（Periplaneta americana）对控制的风喷的反应是刻板地转向远离风的来源。2.控制实验表明，风向，而不是来自风刺激器的其他线索，提供了转向的方向信息（图7）。3.尾须腹侧表面被覆盖的蟑螂对受控的风吹没有反应。然而，覆盖背表面基本上保持了反应的完整性（图9）。覆盖左侧尾椎导致转向错误，偏向左侧（图11）。向左旋转两条尾索会导致相应的转向错误（图10）。因此，蟑螂似乎只利用尾须腹侧表面（丝状毛的位置; Nicklaus，1965）上的风感受器来探测所有方向的风喷，并引起转向行为。4.每条后胸腿对风刺激的初始运动取决于风的角度（图12）。这些腿部运动与早期的神经生理学数据一致，这些数据是关于从选择性地响应于来自不同方向的风的巨大中间神经元到腿部的运动输出（Ritzmann和Camhi，1978; Westin等人，1977).5.即使在运动的前0-16 ms期间进行采样，转向响应也是正确定向的，并且腿部运动也是正确定向的（图1和2）。第12、13段）。这大概是之前的时间，当反馈从动物自己的转动运动将可用于影响转向。因此，转向行为可能是以开环的方式执行的。6.这些发现与已识别的巨大中间神经元在定向回避行为中的作用以及这种行为在自然界中的可能作用有关。
Summary1.Cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) responded to controlled wind puffs with stereotyped turns away from the source of wind. This was followed by running in more varied directions (Fig 3, 5).2.Control experiments indicate that the wind direction, and not other cues from the wind stimulator, provides the directional information for the turn (Fig. 7).3.Cockroaches with the ventral surfaces of their cerci covered were unresponsive to controlled wind puffs. However, covering the dorsal surfaces left the responses essentially intact (Fig. 9). Covering the left cercus caused turns to be misoriented to the left (Fig. 11). Rotating both cerci toward the left led to a corresponding misorientation of the turn (Fig. 10). Thus the cockroaches appeared to employ only wind receptors on the ventral surfaces of the cerci (the location of the filiform hairs; Nicklaus, 1965) to detect all directions of wind puff and to evoke the turning behavior.4.The initial movements of each metathoracic leg in response to wind stimuli depended upon wind angle (Fig. 12). These leg movements were consistent with earlier neurophysiological data on the motor outputs to the legs from giant interneurons which respond selectively to wind from different directions (Ritzmann and Camhi, 1978; Westin et al., 1977).5.The turning response was properly oriented, and the leg movements properly directed, even when sampled during the first 0–16 ms of movement (Figs. 12, 13). This presumably was prior to the time when feedback from the animal's own turning movement would be available to influence the turn. Thus the turning behavior may be executed in an open loop manner.6.These findings are discussed in relation to the role of identified giant interneurons in the oriented evasive behavior, and the possible role of this behavior in nature.