Biotelemetry of New World thrushes during migration: Physiology, energetics and orientation in the wild
Biotelemetry of New World thrushes during migration: Physiology, energetics and orientation in the wild
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DOI：
10.1093/icb/45.2.295
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Wikelski, MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowlin, MS;Cochran, WW;Wikelski, MC
每年有数十亿只鸣禽在大陆之间迁徙，但我们还没有获得足够的飞行生理学和能量学信息，以充分了解任何一个物种的迁徙行为。新世界的Catharus画眉是常见的夜间迁徙者，适合生物遥测，使我们能够在野外迁徙飞行期间测量生理参数。在这里，我们回顾了作者在北美大陆春季迁徙期间对Catharus thrush飞行生理学的研究，并提出了迁徙飞行期间能量使用个体差异的新数据。以前的工作表明，（1）一些简单的行为规则足以解释Catharus画眉鸟个体迁徙飞行的开始，（2）画眉鸟在夜间使用磁罗盘而不是天体线索来定位，并且它们每天使用与日落相关的线索校准这个磁罗盘，（3）总的来说，Catharus画眉在中途停留期间使用的能量大约是它们在迁徙飞行期间使用的能量的两倍，并且（4）画眉在寒冷的日子里进行体温调节时可能使用更多的能量，而不是在它们进行短途迁徙飞行的日子里。最近，我们在这项工作的基础上，使用新开发的发射器来测量自由飞行的斯温森画眉（C。ustulatus）。我们发现了大量的个人之间的变化，平均心率上升后（范围12.06-14.81 Hz，平均值+/- SD，13.48 +/- 0.75，n = 10），上升后的平均翅振频率（10.25-11.75 Hz，10.82 +/- 0.49，n = 10），以及两个变量之间的差异（1.5-3.84 Hz，2.53 +/- 0.76，n = 8）。在上升过程中，心率和翅膀跳动频率都明显高于飞行后期。我们建议生物遥测作为一种手段，以了解充满活力的权衡和决定在自然迁徙飞行的鸣禽。为了进一步了解鸣禽的洲际迁徙以及越冬地和繁殖地之间的连通性，我们概述了一个基于卫星的全球跟踪系统的计划，该系统用于< 1 g的发射机。
Billions of songbirds migrate between continents each year, but we have yet to obtain enough information on in-flight physiology and energetics to fully understand the migratory behavior of any one species. New World Catharus thrushes are common nocturnal migrants amenable to biotelemetry, allowing us to measure physiological parameters during migratory flight in the wild. Here, we review work by the authors on Catharus thrush in-flight physiology during spring migration in continental North America and present new data on individual variation in energy use during migratory flight. Previous work demonstrated that (1) a number of simple behavioral rules are sufficient to explain the initiation of individual migratory flights made by Catharus thrushes, (2) the thrushes used a magnetic compass to orient during the night rather than celestial cues and that they calibrated this magnetic compass each day using cues associated with the setting sun, (3) in total, Catharus thrushes used approximately twice as much energy during stopovers than they used during migratory flight, and (4) thrushes may use more energy when thermoregulating on cold days than on days when they make short migratory flights. Recently, we built upon this work and used newly-developed transmitters to measure heart rate, wingbeat frequency and respiration rate of free-flying Swainson's Thrushes (C. ustulatus). We found a large amount of between-individual variation in average heart rate after ascent (range 12.06-14.81 Hz, mean +/- SD, 13.48 +/- 0.75, n = 10), average wingbeat frequency after ascent (10.25-11.75 Hz, 10.82 +/- 0.49, n = 10), and the difference between the two variables (1.5-3.84 Hz, 2.53 +/- 0.76, n = 8). Both heart rate and wingbeat frequency were significantly higher during ascent than later in the flight. We propose biotelemetry as a means to understand energetic trade-offs and decisions during natural migratory flight in songbirds. To further our knowledge of intercontinental songbird migration and the connectivity between wintering and breeding sites, we outline plans for a satellite-based global tracking system for < 1 g transmitters.