Do behavioural defence mechanisms explain different levels of trematode infections in congeneric hosts?
Do behavioural defence mechanisms explain different levels of trematode infections in congeneric hosts?
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行为防御机制能否解释同类宿主中不同程度的吸虫感染？
DOI：
10.1017/s0022149x18000299
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Friesen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goellner;Selbach;Friesen
不同寄主物种对寄生虫感染的敏感性和耐受性差异很大。同属等足目动物奥地利茶树和乳木树经常共生，两者都可以作为吸虫的中间宿主。然而，感染的强度和流行率在自然人群中差异很大，阿纳克斯虫经常被严重感染，而乳阿司特氏菌很少被感染。为了阐明可能与湖蟹避免感染有关的因素，收集了100只等足目动物，并在实验中暴露于普里氏吸虫尾蚴。为了研究潜在的行为机制，我们使用碳酸水作为麻痹剂，暂时阻止等足类的任何移动，并将瘫痪的等足类暴露在尾虫面前。在实验中，接触这种寄生虫的个体中没有一人被发现感染，尽管一些尾虫似乎已经穿透了等足类宿主。行为防御机制似乎不能解释乳链霉菌和无尾弧菌之间不同的感染水平，这表明可能存在生理的，可能是免疫的因素。在生态系统水平上，这表明这种低能力宿主可能会产生稀释效应，并应调查其对寄生虫传播动态的影响。
Susceptibility and tolerance to parasite infection vary greatly between host species. The congeneric isopod species Austridotea annectens and Austridotea lacustris often occur in sympatry and can both serve as intermediate hosts for the trematode Maritrema poulini. However, the intensity and prevalence of infections vary greatly in natural populations, with A. annectens often being heavily infected and A. lacustris rarely being infected. To shed light on the factors that may be involved in infection avoidance in A. lacustris, 100 isopods were collected and experimentally exposed to M. poulini cercariae. To examine for potential behavioural mechanisms, we used carbonated water as a paralysing agent to temporarily stop any movement by the isopods, and exposed paralysed isopods to cercariae. In the experiments, none of the individuals that were exposed to the parasite were found to be infected, although some cercariae seemed to have penetrated isopod hosts. Behavioural defence mechanisms do not seem to explain the different infection levels between A. lacustris and A. annectens, suggesting a physiological, possibly immunological, factor may be present. At the ecosystem level, this suggests a potential dilution effect caused by this low-competency host, and its effects on parasite transmission dynamics should be investigated.
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影响因子：
9.6
作者：
M. Soldánová;C. Selbach;M. Kalbe;A. Kostadinova;B. Sures
通讯作者：
B. Sures
DOI：
10.7939/r3j38kv04
发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
R. Hechinger
通讯作者：
R. Hechinger