The Pathological Mechanisms of Hearing Loss Caused by KCNQ1 and KCNQ4 Variants.

The Pathological Mechanisms of Hearing Loss Caused by KCNQ1 and KCNQ4 Variants.
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DOI:
10.3390/biomedicines10092254
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发表时间:
2022-09-12
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
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--
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耳聋相关基因 KCNQ1(也与心脏病相关)和 KCNQ4(仅与听力损失相关)分别编码同源四聚体电压门控钾离子通道 Kv7.1 和 Kv7.4。迄今为止,已在患者中发现了超过 700 个 KCNQ1 和超过 70 个 KCNQ4 变异。这些变异中的绝大多数是显性遗传的,其致病性通常可以通过显性失活抑制或单倍体不足来解释。我们最近的研究出乎意料地在几种 Kv7.1 和 Kv7.4 变体中发现了诱导细胞死亡的细胞毒性。阐明这种细胞毒性机制并鉴定其修饰剂(药物)对于帮助开发针对许多致病性 KCNQ 变异的新型药理学策略具有巨大的潜力。本综述的目的是传播 Kv7 变异的这种新兴病理作用,并强调通过实验表征疾病相关变异的重要性。
Deafness-associated genes KCNQ1 (also associated with heart diseases) and KCNQ4 (only associated with hearing loss) encode the homotetrameric voltage-gated potassium ion channels Kv7.1 and Kv7.4, respectively. To date, over 700 KCNQ1 and over 70 KCNQ4 variants have been identified in patients. The vast majority of these variants are inherited dominantly, and their pathogenicity is often explained by dominant-negative inhibition or haploinsufficiency. Our recent study unexpectedly identified cell-death-inducing cytotoxicity in several Kv7.1 and Kv7.4 variants. Elucidation of this cytotoxicity mechanism and identification of its modifiers (drugs) have great potential for aiding the development of a novel pharmacological strategy against many pathogenic KCNQ variants. The purpose of this review is to disseminate this emerging pathological role of Kv7 variants and to underscore the importance of experimentally characterizing disease-associated variants.
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