Children's social wariness toward a different-race stranger relates to individual differences in temperament.
Children's social wariness toward a different-race stranger relates to individual differences in temperament.
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儿童对不同种族陌生人的社交戒心与个体气质差异有关。
DOI：
10.1111/desc.13390
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Woodward,Amanda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hwang,HyesungG;Filippi,CourtneyA;Morales,Santiago;Fox,NathanA;Woodward,Amanda
当孩子们第一次遇到陌生人时，他们会在多大程度上接近和参与陌生人。虽然这种行为的个体差异-称为社交谨慎-在气质研究中有很好的记录，但令人惊讶的是，很少有人关注陌生人的社会群体（如种族）以及这些特征如何影响儿童的社交谨慎。相比之下，关于儿童社会偏见和种族间友谊的研究很少考察气质的个体差异以及气质如何影响跨群体互动。目前的研究通过检查一个不熟悉的同龄人或成年人的种族群体是否会调节孩子们表现出的气质和社交谨慎之间的联系，弥合了这些不同研究领域的差距。利用一个纵向数据集，收集了儿童早期气质和行为的多项测量结果（包括父母报告的害羞和对陌生成年人和同龄人的社交谨慎），我们发现，与同种族陌生人相比，父母报告的害羞程度高的2至7岁儿童对不同种族的陌生人表现出更大的社交谨慎，而父母报告的害羞程度低的儿童则没有。这些结果指出了在气质研究中考虑种族群体成员身份的重要性，以及气质在儿童跨种族互动中可能发挥的潜在作用。研究重点以前关于气质的研究没有考虑陌生人的种族如何影响儿童的社交谨慎。我们发现证据表明，父母报告的高度害羞的2至7岁儿童对不同种族的陌生人表现出更大的社交谨慎这些结果表明，在气质研究中考虑种族群体成员身份的重要性。我们的研究结果还表明，气质可能在儿童的跨种族互动中发挥作用。
When children first meet a stranger, there is great variation in how much they will approach and engage with the stranger. While individual differences in this type of behavior—called social wariness—are well‐documented in temperament research, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the social groups (such as race) of the stranger and how these characteristics might influence children's social wariness. In contrast, research on children's social bias and interracial friendships rarely examines individual differences in temperament and how temperament might influence cross‐group interactions. The current study bridges the gap across these different fields of research by examining whether the racial group of an unfamiliar peer or adult moderates the association between temperament and the social wariness that children display. Utilizing a longitudinal dataset that collected multiple measurements of children's temperament and behaviors (including parent‐reported shyness and social wariness toward unfamiliar adults and peers) across early childhood, we found that 2‐ to 7‐year‐old children with high parent‐reported shyness showed greater social wariness toward a different‐race stranger compared to a same‐race stranger, whereas children with low parent‐reported shyness did not. These results point to the importance of considering racial group membership in temperament research and the potential role that temperament might play in children's cross‐race interactions.Research HighlightsPrevious research on temperament has not considered how the race of strangers could influence children's social wariness.We find evidence that 2‐ to 7‐year‐old children with high parent‐reported shyness show greater social wariness toward a different‐race stranger compared to a same‐race stranger.These results point to the importance of considering racial group membership in temperament research.Our findings also suggest temperament may play a role in children's cross‐race interactions.