Paternal care in the cooperatively polyandrous Galapagos hawk
Paternal care in the cooperatively polyandrous Galapagos hawk
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DOI：
10.2307/1369148
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发表时间：
1996-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Parker, PG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeLay, LS;Faaborg, J;Parker, PG
在合作繁殖系统中，共享一个巢穴的雄性面临着养育不属于自己的幼崽的前景。许多物种的雄性试图通过攻击性行为来降低失去父权的风险，从而限制其他雄性在交配期间接近雌性。加拉帕戈斯鹰（Buteo galapagoensis）表现出一种极端形式的合作一妻多夫制，其中轶事数据表明，在一个领土上的所有男性与女性平等地分享交配，很少或没有干扰，并照顾集团内的年轻人。领地内的男性是不相关的成年人，并分享父子关系。我们研究父爱与加拉帕戈斯鹰的共同亲子关系，并提供群体凝聚力的解释。我们发现，父亲的照顾是可变的，所有的男性照顾年轻人在他们的领土上，而不考虑男性居住在一起的数量。有证据表明，男性的父亲年轻和那些没有父亲没有不同的照顾量。然而，我们不能排除父子关系和照顾之间的关系。没有明显的线索可以让雄性分辨出父子关系，因为统治地位的唯一证据是在较大的群体中表现出的微妙的等级制度。我们认为，在加拉帕戈斯鹰的父亲照顾的简单规则是，ifa男性是一个群体成员，他将与女性交配，有一定的概率受精的鸡蛋，并提供照顾年轻生产的巢。
In cooperative breeding systems, males that share a nest face the prospect of providing for young that are not their own. Males of many species attempt to reduce the risk of losing paternity with aggressive behaviors, thereby limiting other males' access to the female during copulation. The Galapagos Hawk (Buteo galapagoensis) exhibits an extreme form of cooperative polyandry in which anecdotal data suggest all males in a territory share mating equally with the female, with very little to no interference, and care for young within the group. Males in a territory are unrelated adults and share paternity. We examine paternal care in relation to the shared parentage of the Galapagos Hawk and offer explanations for group cohesion. We found that paternal care was variable and that all males cared for the young on their territory without regard to the number of males residing together. There was evidence that males that sired young and those that sired none did not differ in quantity of care. However, we could not rule out a relationship between paternity and care. There was no obvious cue the males could use to discern paternity, since the only evidence of dominance was a subtle hierarchy expressed in larger groups. We suggest that the simple rule for paternal care in the Galapagos Hawk is that ifa male is a group member, he will copulate with the female, have some probability to fertilize the eggs, and provide care for young produced at the nest.