Application of histomorphometric methods to the study of bone repair
Application of histomorphometric methods to the study of bone repair
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DOI：
10.1359/jbmr.050702
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Einhorn, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerstenfeld, LC;Wronski, TJ;Einhorn, TA
骨组织形态计量学评估的标准化方法是大多数代谢性骨病及其治疗研究的基本特征。开发这些方法来评估耦合重塑，主要关注成骨细胞和破骨细胞，这些细胞的合成代谢和分解代谢率，以及成熟骨的结构特征。骨愈合的研究和新的治疗方法的发展，以增强骨修复也需要一个全面的了解基本的细胞和组织水平的机制，这些过程的基础。然而，为代谢性骨病研究开发的组织学方法并不完全适合骨修复的研究，因为它们是基于这样的假设，即骨样本中的组织成分变化很小，并且通常不被设计为量化其他类型的组织，如软骨，这有助于骨愈合。这些技术也不提供与用于确定骨愈合率的特定类型的生物力学和放射学结构评估相关的基于组织的结构测量。因此，当前组织学方法的这些缺陷表明，需要建立专门适用于骨折愈合和骨再生模型中骨修复研究的组织形态计量学评估的标准化标准。在这个角度来看，我们概述了我们认为是具体的结构，组织。和细胞方面，需要解决建立这些标准化的标准，骨修复的组织形态学评估。我们提出了具体的技术考虑，需要解决适当的样本修复组织，以获得统计学上有意义的结果，并提出了具体的程序和术语的定义，这种技术的应用，骨修复。最后，我们介绍了骨修复的组织形态计量学测量方面如何与功能上定义骨愈合率的生物力学和放射成像特性相关，以及如何使用这些工具提供确证数据。
Standardized methods for the histomorphometric assessment of bone are essential features of most studies of metabolic bone diseases and their treatments. These methodologies were developed to assess coupled remodeling, focusing primarily on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, the anabolic and catabolic rates of these cells, and structural features of mature bone. Research studies on bone healing and the development of new therapeutic approaches for the enhancement of bone repair also require a comprehensive understanding of the basic cellular and tissue level mechanisms that underlie these processes. However, the histological methods developed for metabolic bone disease studies are not completely suitable for studies of bone repair because they are based on assumptions that there is little variation in tissue composition within a sample of bone and not generally designed to quantify other types of tissues, such as cartilage, that contribute to bone healing. These techniques also do not provide tissue-based structural measurements that are relatable to the specific types of biomechanical and radiographic structural assessments that are used to determine rates of bone healing. These deficiencies in current histological approaches therefore point to the need to establish standardized criteria for the histomorphometric assessments that are specifically adapted for the study of bone repair in models of fracture healing and bone regeneration. In this Perspective, we outline what we believe to be the specific structural, tissue. and cellular aspects that need to be addressed to establish these standardized criteria for the histomorphometric assessment of bone repair. We present the specific technical considerations that need to be addressed to appropriately sample repair tissues to obtain statistically meaningful results and suggest specific procedures and definitions of nomenclatures for the application of this technology to bone repair. Finally, we present how aspects of histomorphometric measurements of bone repair can be related to biomechanical and radiographic imaging properties that functionally define rates of bone healing, and thus, how these tools can be used to provide corroborating data.