Analysis of Small Groups

Analysis of Small Groups
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小团体分析

DOI:
10.1017/9781316676202.025
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
D. Jayagopi
D. Jayagopi
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
D. Gática;O. Aran;D. Jayagopi

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G → Aut(G/N) ≈ Sq。让 K 表示映射的核。显然,K ⊂ N,因为每个 g ∈ K 必须特别地将 N 左移回其自身。因此,由于 q 是 |G| 的最小素因数,因此 q = |G/N | | |G/K| = q·(素数 p ≥ q 的乘积)。另一方面,第一同构定理表明 G/K 与 Sq(Sq 的子群)中 G 的图像同构。因此 |G/K| | q!,这样|G/K| = q·(素数 p < q 的乘积)。比较两个显示结果表明 |G/N | = |G/K|,因此包含 K ⊂ N 现在给出 K = N 。因此 N 是正常的,因为它是一个内核。
G −→ Aut(G/N) ≈ Sq. Let K denote the kernel of the map. Clearly K ⊂ N since each g ∈ K must in particular left translate N back to itself. Thus, since q is the smallest prime divisor of |G|, q = |G/N | | |G/K| = q · (product of primes p ≥ q). On the other hand, the first isomorphism theorem says that G/K is isomorphic to the image of G in Sq, a subgroup of Sq. Thus |G/K| | q!, so that |G/K| = q · (product of primes p < q). Comparing the two displays shows that |G/N | = |G/K|, and so the containment K ⊂ N now gives K = N . Thus N is normal because it is a kernel.