NORMAL HUMAN VARIATION: REFOCUSSING THE ENHANCEMENT DEBATE
NORMAL HUMAN VARIATION: REFOCUSSING THE ENHANCEMENT DEBATE
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/bioe.12045
复制
发表时间：
2015-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Savulescu, Julian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kahane, Guy;Savulescu, Julian
本文提请注意在思考生物医学增强时的几个常见错误，即使是一些增强的支持者也会犯这些错误。我们通过检查John Harris最近提出的反对使用药物干预直接调节道德决策的反对意见来说明这些错误。然后，我们将这些经验应用到关于增强的辩论中其他有影响力的人物身上。我们的论点的一个结论是，许多被认为是强烈反对强化的考虑，实际上是强烈支持生物医学强化的考虑，只是方向不同而已。另一个结果是，不幸的是，目前的争论大多集中在将从根本上改变人类正常能力的干预措施上。这种干预措施在不久的将来不太可能实现，甚至可能不可行。但我们的论点表明，即使生物医学增强完全在正常的人类范围内进行，增强项目仍然可以对人类生活产生根本性的影响。
This article draws attention to several common mistakes in thinking about biomedical enhancement, mistakes that are made even by some supporters of enhancement. We illustrate these mistakes by examining objections that John Harris has recently raised against the use of pharmacological interventions to directly modulate moral decision-making. We then apply these lessons to other influential figures in the debate about enhancement. One upshot of our argument is that many considerations presented as powerful objections to enhancement are really strong considerations in favour of biomedical enhancement, just in a different direction. Another upshot is that it is unfortunate that much of the current debate focuses on interventions that will radically transform normal human capacities. Such interventions are unlikely to be available in the near future, and may not even be feasible. But our argument shows that the enhancement project can still have a radical impact on human life even if biomedical enhancement operated entirely within the normal human range.