Sacred Canopies or Religious Markets? The Effect of County-Level Religious Diversity on Later Changes in Religious Involvement
Sacred Canopies or Religious Markets? The Effect of County-Level Religious Diversity on Later Changes in Religious Involvement
复制标题
神圣的檐篷还是宗教市场？
DOI：
10.1111/jssr.12651
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Olson D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olson D
世俗化理论，如伯杰的神圣天篷论点，认为宗教多样性导致宗教参与的下降。宗教市场模式（例如，Finke和Stark）的观点正好相反。沃阿斯、奥尔森和克罗克特发现，在2002年之前，几乎所有探索这一重要问题的大量研究都存在缺陷，因为宗教多样性的衡量标准和宗教参与的衡量标准之间存在着以前未被认识到的非因果统计关系。自2002年以来，这一方法问题在很大程度上阻碍了对这一重要专题的研究。我们首先描述如何，以下Voas等人。的建议，纵向模型可以克服这些问题。然后，我们将这些方法应用于测量1980年、1990年、2000年和2010年宗教会众和成员研究中发现的美国所有县的宗教组成的数据。使用多水平纵向回归模型，我们发现县级宗教多样性越大，县级宗教参与率越低。宗教多样性的负面影响很大，并且对控制变量和测量宗教多样性的不同方法的变化很敏感。
Secularization theories, such as Berger'sSacred Canopy argument, hold that religious diversity leads to a decline in religious participation. Religious market models (e.g., Finke and Stark) argue the opposite. Voas, Olson, and Crockett found that nearly all of the vast research exploring this important question prior to 2002 was flawed due to a previously unrecognized noncausal statistical relationship between measures of religious diversity and measures of religious participation. Since 2002, this methodological issue has largely stymied research on this important topic. We first describe how, following Voas et al.’s recommendations, longitudinal models can overcome these problems. We then apply these methods to data measuring the religious composition of all U.S. counties found in the Religious Congregations and Membership Studies from 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010. Using multilevel longitudinal regression models, we find that greater county‐level religious diversity is followed by later declines in county‐level religious participation rates. The negative effect size of religious diversity is large and robust to changes in the control variables and different methods of measuring religious diversity.