ANISOTROPIC RESIDUAL STRESS MEASUREMENTS IN COMPACT BONE USING POLYCHROMATIC X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ANISOTROPIC RESIDUAL STRESS MEASUREMENTS IN COMPACT BONE USING POLYCHROMATIC X-RAY DIFFRACTION
复制标题
使用多色 X 射线衍射测量致密骨中的各向异性残余应力
DOI：
10.1007/0-306-46939-1_13
复制
发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
M. Todoh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Tadano;M. Todoh
众所周知，骨具有适应通常的机械环境并在功能上重建其结构和几何形状的能力（Goodship等人，1979; Pead等人，1988年）。这种现象被称为适应性骨重建。应力是影响骨组织重塑的重要力学因素之一。骨重建的发生需要在相对长的时间内保持应力刺激骨细胞。因此，应力将是一种残余应力。为了验证这一假设，测量完整骨组织中的残余应力具有重要意义。Fung（1984）提出了活组织中残余应力存在的重要性。软组织的残余应力在动脉壁或其他组织中测量。(Fung，1984;松本等人，1994年）。在硬组织方面，Tanaka和阿达奇（1996）通过组织切割法结合应变片应用观察了兔胫腓骨的残余应力。另一方面，在工程领域中，X射线衍射法被广泛用于测量晶体材料中的残余应力。由于骨组织中也含有羟基磷灰石晶体材料，因此X射线衍射法可用于骨组织中的应力测量。Tanaka和Akiniwa等人（1995）使用特征X射线方法测量了牛股骨中密质骨的残余应力。这种方法需要从材料表面连续去除一层薄层以获得更深的信息。特征X射线具有一束具有确定波长的光束，而
It is well known that bone has a capability to adapt to usual mechanical environment and to reconstruct functionally its structure and geometry (Goodship et al., 1979; Pead et al., 1988). This phenomenon is called as the adaptive bone remodeling. One of the most important mechanical factor of the remodeling is the stress. To generate the bone remodeling, the stress should remain to stimulate the osteocyte in the relative long period. Thus stress will be a kind of residual stress. To verify this assumption, it is a great significance to measure the residual stress in intact bone tissue. Fung (1984) suggested the importance of the existence of the residual stress in living tissue. The residual stress of soft tissue was measured in the arterial wall or other tissue. (Fung, 1984; Matsumoto et al., 1994). On the hard tissue, Tanaka and Adachi (1996) observed the residual stress in leporine tibiofibula bone by the tissue-cutting method combined with strain gauge application. On the other hand, the X-ray diffraction method is widely utilized to measure the residual stress in crystal materials in engineering fields. Because bone tissue also consists of crystal materials of hydroxyapatite, the X-ray diffraction method can be applied to the stress measurements in the bone. Tanaka and Akiniwa et al. (1995) measured the residual stress at compact bone in the bovine femur using the characteristic X-ray method. This method needs sequential removing a thin layer from a material surface to get the deeper information. The characteristic X-ray has one beam with definite wavelength, while the