Topological interface physics of defects and textures in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
Topological interface physics of defects and textures in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
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旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中缺陷和织构的拓扑界面物理
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.87.033617
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Borgh M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borgh M
我们提供了我们先前提出的拓扑界面工程方案的详细描述，其中构造的缺陷和纹理贯穿不同破碎对称性之间的连贯界面[Borgh和Ruostekoski，Phys. Rev. Lett. 109，015302（2012）PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.109.015302]。我们考虑自旋为1的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体，其中极性相和铁磁相在空间分离的区域中制备。我们发现，一个稳定的连贯接口之间建立的两个阶段，允许不同的拓扑结构的缺陷连接不断跨越边界。我们提供了分析结构的接口交叉缺陷的解决方案，可以实验相位印迹使用现有的技术。通过数值最小化能量，我们计算的核心结构的界面交叉的缺陷配置。我们证明了非平凡的核心变形相当复杂的结构，如形成一个拱形的半量子线缺陷，anAlice拱，在接口处，与拓扑电荷的点缺陷，其出现可以理解的“毛球”定理。另一个能量稳定物体的例子是一个无核涡旋与一对半量子涡旋的连接。我们表明，旋转会导致缺陷自发成核，其中无核涡旋不断转变为跨界面的半量子涡旋。
We provide a detailed description of our previously proposed scheme for topological interface engineering with constructed defects and textures perforating across coherent interfaces between different broken symmetries [Borgh and Ruostekoski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 015302 (2012)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.109.015302]. We consider a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate, in which polar and ferromagnetic phases are prepared in spatially separated regions. We show that a stable coherent interface is established between the two phases, allowing defects of different topology to connect continuously across the boundary. We provide analytic constructions of interface-crossing defect solutions that could be experimentally phase imprinted using existing technology. By numerically minimizing the energy, we calculate the core structures of interface-crossing defect configurations. We demonstrate nontrivial core deformations to considerably more complex structures, such as the formation of an arch-shaped half-quantum line defect, anAlice arch,at the interface, with the topological charge of a point defect, whose emergence may be understood by the “hairy ball” theorem. Another example of an energetically stable object is the connection of a coreless vortex to a pair of half-quantum vortices. We show that rotation leads to spontaneous nucleation of defects in which a coreless vortex continuously transforms to a half-quantum vortex across the interface.