The cell cycle pathway regulates chicken abdominal fat deposition as revealed by transcriptome sequencing
The cell cycle pathway regulates chicken abdominal fat deposition as revealed by transcriptome sequencing
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DOI：
10.16288/j.yczz.19-098
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Luo, Wen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Jiahui;Ren, Xueyi;Luo, Wen
随着生长性状和饲料转化率的提高，中国地方品种肉鸡的腹脂率不断增加。过多的腹脂沉积不仅降低了肉鸡的屠宰率和抗病能力，而且由于脂肪处理困难还会造成浪费。为了研究肉鸡腹脂沉积所涉及的调控基因和通路，我们用高脂饲料喂养中国地方品种兴化鸡。喂养两周后，我们发现高脂饲料组肉鸡的腹脂重量和腹脂率显著增加，腹脂细胞的直径和面积也显著增加。对腹脂和肝脏进行转录组测序表明，腹脂中的差异表达基因主要富集在细胞周期、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）和细胞外基质（ECM）受体信号通路。肝脏中的差异表达基因也显著富集在细胞周期通路以及类固醇生物合成和PPAR信号通路。通过分析腹脂和肝脏组织中共同的差异表达基因，我们发现这些基因也富集在细胞周期中。最后，我们利用鸡LMH（鸡肝癌细胞）细胞系和鸡ICP（永生化鸡前脂肪细胞）细胞系进行体外验证实验。我们用高脂培养基和普通培养基培养细胞。结果表明，48小时后，高脂培养基能显著促进细胞周期并增加S期细胞数量。此外，实时定量聚合酶链反应（qRT - PCR）结果显示，高脂培养基能显著促进细胞周期相关基因的表达。总之，我们发现高脂饮食激活了鸡肝细胞和前脂肪细胞的细胞周期进程，促进细胞增殖，进而增加腹脂沉积。
With the improvement of growth traits and feed conversion rate, the abdominal fat rate of Chinese local breeds of broilers has been increasing. Excessive abdominal fat deposition not only reduces the slaughter rate and disease resistance of broiler chickens, but also produces waste due to the difficulty of fat treatment. In order to study the regulatory genes and pathways involved in abdominal fat deposition of broilers, we used high-fat diets to feed the Xinghua Chicken, which is a Chinese local breed. Two weeks after feeding, we found that the abdominal fat weight and rate of broilers in the high-fat diet group increased significantly, and the diameter and area of abdominal fat cells also increased significantly. Transcriptome sequencing of abdominal fat and livers showed that the differentially expressed genes in the abdominal fat were mainly enriched in the cell cycle, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor signaling pathways. The differentially expressed genes in livers were also significantly enriched in the cell cycle pathway, as well as in the steroid biosynthesis and PPAR signaling pathway. By analyzing the common differentially expressed genes in abdominal fat and liver tissues, we found that these genes were also enriched in cell cycle. Finally, we used the chicken LMH (chicken hepatoma cell) cell line and chicken ICP (immortalized chicken preadipocytes) cell line to do the in vitro validation assays. We used high-fat and common medium to culture the cells. The results showed that after 48 hours, the high-fat medium could significantly promote cell cycle and increase the number of cells in S phase. Additionally, qRT-PCR results showed that the high-fat medium could significantly promote the expression of genes related to cell cycle. In conclusion, we found that high-fat diets activate the cell cycle progression of chicken hepatocytes and preadipocytes, promote cell proliferation, and then increase abdominal fat deposition.