Editorial overview: Neurobiology of cognitive behavior: Complexity of neural computation and cognition.
Editorial overview: Neurobiology of cognitive behavior: Complexity of neural computation and cognition.
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编辑概述：认知行为的神经生物学：神经计算和认知的复杂性。
DOI：
10.1016/j.conb.2016.03.003
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Kiani,Roozbeh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karpova,Alla;Kiani,Roozbeh
我们生活在这样一个时代：我们的手机可以实时更新交通和地铁延误情况，帮助我们在复杂的城市环境中导航，吸尘机器人可以绘制我们公寓的布局图，以优化其清洁策略，而汽车也开始自动驾驶。但是，尽管今天的人工认知系统看起来令人惊叹，但真正的奥秘在于它们的前身和创造者--大脑--获取和使用知识的灵活性和适应性。至少两个世纪以来，心理学家和认知科学家一直在研究人类和动物的行为，以更好地理解支持自然认知的能力：工作记忆、注意力、多感官整合、基于价值的决策和类比推理。它们帮助我们组织了关于大脑必须使用的可能算法的思考，并建议了可能参与执行这些算法的中央大脑区域。因此，似乎神经生理学家已经准备好了研究认知过程背后的神经机制。然而，尽管在过去的半个世纪里，在理解外周感觉和运动系统方面取得了巨大的进步，但中枢脑回路的复杂性意味着认知仍然保留着大部分的面纱。对于这个问题，我们要求贡献者定义认知给神经科学研究人员带来的实验和理论挑战，并为该领域如何有效地解决这一前沿领域的复杂性提供建议。
We live in an age when our phones incorporate real-time updates on traffic and subway delays to help us navigate complex urban environments, vacuum cleaning robots map the layout of our apartments to optimize their cleaning strategies, and cars are beginning to drive themselves. But, amazing though today’s artificial cognition systems may seem, the genuine mystery is the flexibility and adaptability with which their precursors and creators, brains, acquire and use knowledge. For at least two centuries, psychologists and cognitive scientists have studied human and animal behavior in an effort to better understand the faculties that support natural cognition: working memory, attention, multisensory integration, value-based decision-making, and analogical reasoning. They have helped organize our thinking about the likely algorithms the brain must use, and suggested central brain regions that are likely involved in executing them. Thus, it may seem like the stage is set for neurophysiologists to work out neural mechanisms underlying cognitive processes. However, despite tremendous progress over the past half century in understanding peripheral sensory and motor systems, the sheer complexity of central brain circuits has meant that cognition has retained most of its veils. For this issue, we asked contributors to define the experimental and theoretical challenges that cognition poses to neuroscience researchers, and to offer suggestions for how the field might productively tackle the complexity that comes with working on this frontier.