Parenting style and family type, but not child temperament, are associated with television viewing time in children at two years of age
Parenting style and family type, but not child temperament, are associated with television viewing time in children at two years of age
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0188558
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发表时间：
2017-12-20
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Taylor, Rachael W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howe, Anna S.;Heath, Anne-Louise M.;Taylor, Rachael W.
尽管美国儿科学会(AAP)建议两岁以下的儿童避免使用电子媒体，但婴儿和蹒跚学步的儿童普遍使用屏幕。这项研究的目的是确定父母教养方式、婴儿气质和家庭类型与两岁儿童看电视的关系。研究设计参与者来自预防婴儿超重(POI)随机对照试验(n=802)(达尼丁，新西兰)。在基线(妊娠晚期)收集人口统计信息，并在24个月大时通过问卷调查评估看电视和其他屏幕时间。调查内容包括父母教养方式(父母行为问卷)、婴儿气质(科罗拉多州儿童气质问卷)和家庭类型(7类)。观看电视的中位数相对较低，为每天21分钟，或看电视的人30分钟(82%)。看电视的儿童玩手机(12%的儿童)或iPad/平板电脑(22%的儿童)的频率高于不看电视的儿童(6%的儿童)。在育儿方式方面，母亲更专制(Beta=17，95%CI：6-27分钟)、伴侣更专制(Beta=14，95%CI：2-26分钟)或母亲更宽容(Beta=10，95%CI：3-17分钟)的孩子看电视的时间明显更长。在调整混杂变量后，儿童的气质和看电视的时间没有显著的关系。父母教养方式和家庭类型与幼儿看电视的时间相关(P=0.002)，而气质与幼儿看电视的时间无关。
ObjectivesDespite the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommending that electronic media be avoided in children under two years of age, screen use is common in infants and toddlers. The aims of this study were to determine how parenting style, infant temperament, and family type are associated with television viewing in two-year-old children.Study designParticipants were from the Prevention of Overweight in Infancy (POI) randomized controlled trial (n = 802) (Dunedin, New Zealand). Demographic information was collected at baseline (late pregnancy), and television and other screen time assessed by questionnaire at 24 months of age. Parenting style (Parenting Practices Questionnaire), infant temperament (Colorado Childhood Temperament Inventory), and family type (7 categories) were reported by both parents.ResultsData were available for 487 participants (61% of the original participants). Median television viewing was relatively low at 21 minutes per day, or 30 minutes in those watching television (82%). Children who watched television played with mobile phones (12% of children) or iPads/tablets (22% of children) more frequently than children who did not (6% of children). In terms of parenting style, children of more authoritarian mothers (beta = 17, 95% CI: 6-27 minutes), more authoritarian partners (beta = 14, 95% CI: 2-26 minutes), or more permissive mothers (beta = 10, 95% CI: 3-17 minutes) watched significantly more television. No significant relationships were observed between child temperament and time watching television after adjustment for confounding variables. Children from "active" families (as rated by partners) watched 29 minutes less television each day (P = 0.002).ConclusionsParenting style and family type were associated with television viewing time in young children, whereas child temperament was not.