Actin structure and function.

Actin structure and function.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biophys-042910-155359
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
12.4
通讯作者:
Holmes KC
Holmes KC
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dominguez R;Holmes KC

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肌动蛋白是大多数真核细胞中含量最丰富的蛋白质。它高度保守,比任何已知的蛋白质都参与更多的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。这些特性,以及在核苷酸水解、离子和大量肌动蛋白结合蛋白的控制下,在单体(G-肌动蛋白)和丝状(F-肌动蛋白)状态之间转换的能力,使肌动蛋白成为许多细胞功能的关键参与者,从细胞运动、维持细胞形状和极性到转录调节。此外,丝状肌动蛋白与肌球蛋白的相互作用构成了肌肉收缩的基础。由于其在细胞中的中心作用,肌动蛋白细胞骨架也被许多病原体破坏或取代。在这里,我们回顾了G-和F-肌动蛋白的结构,并讨论了一些控制肌动蛋白聚合和分解的相互作用。
Actin is the most abundant protein in most eukaryotic cells. It is highly conserved and participates in more protein-protein interactions than any known protein. These properties, along with its ability to transition between monomeric (G-actin) and filamentous (F-actin) states under the control of nucleotide hydrolysis, ions, and a large number of actin-binding proteins, make actin a critical player in many cellular functions, ranging from cell motility and the maintenance of cell shape and polarity to the regulation of transcription. Moreover, the interaction of filamentous actin with myosin forms the basis of muscle contraction. Owing to its central role in the cell, the actin cytoskeleton is also disrupted or taken over by numerous pathogens. Here we review structures of G- and F-actin and discuss some of the interactions that control the polymerization and disassembly of actin.
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