Development and applications of compact high‐intensity lasers
Development and applications of compact high‐intensity lasers
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DOI：
10.1063/1.860202
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发表时间：
1992-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Mourou;D. Umstadter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Mourou;D. Umstadter
本文综述了利用啁啾脉冲放大技术研制小型高强度激光器的研究进展。这包括高功率激光实现的复杂性，如短脉冲的产生、脉冲清洗、宽带宽放大、时间拉伸和压缩，以及对高平均功率的要求。给出了具体的固体激光系统的细节。本文还综述了这些激光器在短脉冲相干短波（x射线紫外）光源中的一些应用。这包括通过将亚皮秒激光聚焦到气体中观察到的几种非线性效应；也就是说，原子介质中谐波产生的异常尺度，等离子体中相对论性谐波转换效率的上限，以及短脉冲自聚焦和多聚焦形成的观察。最后，讨论了大质量动力压力（100毫巴）对短脉冲高强度激光-等离子体相互作用的影响，并与复合x射线激光器和点燃热核融合的新方法相关。
The development of compact high‐intensity lasers, made possible by the technique of chirped pulse amplification, is reviewed. This includes the complexities of high‐power laser implementation, such as the generation of short pulses, pulse cleaning, wide‐bandwidth amplification, temporal stretching and compression, and the requirements for high‐average powers. Details of specific solid‐state laser systems are given. Some applications of these lasers to short‐pulse coherent short‐wavelength [x‐ray ultraviolet (XUV)] sources are also reviewed. This includes several nonlinear effects observed by focusing a subpicosecond laser into a gas; namely, an anomalous scaling of harmonic generation in atomic media, an upper limit on the conversion efficiency of relativistic harmonics in a plasma, and the observation of short‐pulse self‐focusing and multifoci formation. Finally, the effects of large ponderomotive pressures (100 Mbars) in short‐pulse high‐intensity laser–plasma interactions are discussed, with relevance both to recombination x‐ray lasers and a novel method of igniting thermonuclear fusion.