Dissolved Organophosphate Esters and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Remote Marine Environments: Arctic Surface Water Distributions and Net Transport through Fram Strait.
Dissolved Organophosphate Esters and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Remote Marine Environments: Arctic Surface Water Distributions and Net Transport through Fram Strait.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.8b01127
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发表时间：
2018-05
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
C. McDonough;Amila O. De Silva;Caoxin Sun;A. Cabrerizo;D. Adelman;T. Soltwedel;E. Bauerfeind;D. Muir;R. Lohmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. McDonough;Amila O. De Silva;Caoxin Sun;A. Cabrerizo;D. Adelman;T. Soltwedel;E. Bauerfeind;D. Muir;R. Lohmann
有机磷酸酯（OPEs）在偏远环境中的浓度高得出乎意料，但对海水中的OPE浓度的测量很少，在地下海水中也没有。在这项研究中，被动聚乙烯采样器（PE）部署在深水系泊在弗拉姆海峡和加拿大北极湖泊和沿海地区的表面沃茨进行了分析，一套常见的OPEs。深水站点的总有机污染物（∑ 11 OPE）以氯化有机污染物为主，范围为6.3 - 440皮克/升。弗拉姆海峡东部和西部的浓度相似。加拿大北极地区表层沃茨中氯化的有机污染物也占主导地位（平均浓度从< DL到4，400皮克/升不等），而非卤化烷基/芳基取代的有机污染物仍然很低（1.3-55皮克/升），这可能是由于氯化的有机污染物具有更大的远距离迁移潜力。发现多溴联苯醚的浓度远低于OPEs（<DL-14皮克/升）。三（2-氯乙基）磷酸盐（TCEP）和三（1，3-二氯异丙基）磷酸盐（TDCIPP）的地表水浓度是相似的主动和被动采样方法。据估计，若干有机污染物正在经历从北极净迁移，从二苯基磷酸乙基己酯（EHDPP）的17千克/年到磷酸三（2-氯异丙基）酯（TCIPP）的3，400千克/年不等。这项研究强调了OPEs的重要性，因为在偏远的海洋环境中，人们对OPEs的了解很少，而且浓度出乎意料地高。
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) have been found in remote environments at unexpectedly high concentrations, but very few measurements of OPE concentrations in seawater are available, and none are available in subsurface seawater. In this study, passive polyethylene samplers (PEs) deployed on deep-water moorings in the Fram Strait and in surface waters of Canadian Arctic lakes and coastal sites were analyzed for a suite of common OPEs. Total OPEs ( ∑11OPE) at deep-water sites were dominated by chlorinated OPEs, and ranged from 6.3 to 440 pg/L. Concentrations were similar in eastern and western Fram Strait. Chlorinated OPEs were also dominant in Canadian Arctic surface waters (mean concentration ranged from < DL to 4400 pg/L), while nonhalogenated alkyl/aryl-substituted OPEs remained low (1.3-55 pg/L), possibly due to the greater long-range transport potential of chlorinated OPEs. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were found at much lower concentrations than OPEs (<DL-14 pg/L). Surface-water concentrations of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) were similar for both active and passive sampling approaches. Several OPEs were estimated to be undergoing net transport out of the Arctic, ranging from 17 kg/yr for ethylhexyldiphenylphosphate (EHDPP) to 3400 kg/yr for tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP). This study highlights the importance of OPEs as poorly understood contaminants present at unexpectedly high concentrations in remote marine environments.