American Association of Veterinary Parasitologists' review of veterinary fecal flotation methods and factors influencing their accuracy and use-Is there really one best technique?
American Association of Veterinary Parasitologists' review of veterinary fecal flotation methods and factors influencing their accuracy and use-Is there really one best technique?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.05.009
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发表时间：
2014-07-30
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Payne, P. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ballweber, L. R.;Beugnet, F.;Payne, P. A.
粪便浮选的原理是基于溶液允许密度较小的物质（包括寄生虫成分）上升到顶部的能力。然而，有许多因素会影响这种理论上简单的技术的准确性和使用。是否使用离心似乎对检测某些寄生虫的能力有影响，但对其他寄生虫没有影响。使用具有相对高比重的浮选溶液有利于许多不同寄生虫的诊断阶段的同时浮选，同时由于制剂中的变形以及碎片量而使得识别一些更困难。稀释法往往不太准确，因为它们需要外推;然而，它们执行得更快，部分原因是因为更清洁的制备。时机是所有浮选方法成功的关键因素，参与人员的技术能力也是关键因素。因此，简单、低成本和节省时间通常有利于重力浮选技术（包括麦克马斯特技术及其改进）。该方法的准确度取决于其使用目的，方法的选择需要了解分析灵敏度和预期的鸡蛋排泄水平。在某些情况下，例如，每克0和50个鸡蛋之间的差异对于管理决策来说是微不足道的，不太准确的方法就足够了。在其他情况下，如果存在寄生虫，则意味着无论存在多少卵都要对动物进行治疗，则需要具有更高分析灵敏度的方法，特别是对于那些通过很少卵的寄生虫。对于其他用途，如粪蛋计数减少测试，准确性可能变得至关重要。因此，尽管在过去已经推广了标准化粪便漂浮程序的建议，但很明显，因素太多，不允许推荐一种或几种程序用于所有目的。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The principle of fecal flotation is based on the ability of a solution to allow less dense material (including parasite elements) to rise to the top. However, there are numerous factors that will influence the accuracy and use of such a theoretically simple technique. Whether or not centrifugation is used appears to have an impact on the ability to detect some parasites, but not others. Using a flotation solution with a relatively high specific gravity favors the simultaneous flotation of the diagnostic stages of many different parasites while, at the same time, making recognition of some more difficult because of distortion as well as the amount of debris in the preparation. Dilution methods tend to be less accurate because they require extrapolation; however, they are quicker to perform, in part, because of the cleaner preparation. Timing is a critical factor in the success of all flotation methods, as is technical ability of the personnel involved. Thus, simplicity, low costs and time savings have generally favored gravitational flotation techniques (including the McMaster technique and its modifications). How accurate the method needs to be is dependent upon the purpose of its use and choice of method requires an understanding of analytical sensitivity and expected levels of egg excretion. In some instances where the difference between, for example, 0 and 50 eggs per gram is insignificant with regards to management decisions, less accurate methods will suffice. In others, where the presence of a parasite means treatment of the animal regardless of the numbers of eggs present, methods with higher analytical sensitivities will be required, particularly for those parasites that pass few eggs. For other uses, such as the Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test, accuracy may become critical. Therefore, even though recommendations for standardized fecal flotation procedures have been promoted in the past, it is clear that the factors are too numerous to allow for the recommendation of one, or even a few, procedures for all purposes. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.