Effectiveness of a tooth-brushing programme using the picture exchange communication system (PECS) on gingival health of children with autism spectrum disorders
Effectiveness of a tooth-brushing programme using the picture exchange communication system (PECS) on gingival health of children with autism spectrum disorders
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DOI：
10.1007/s40368-019-00485-x
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发表时间：
2019-10-18
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Owais, A., I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al-Batayneh, O. B.;Nazer, T. S.;Owais, A., I
目的图片交换交流系统（佩奇）是一种用于自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的交流系统。本研究的目的是评估基于PECS的刷牙计划对ASD儿童牙龈健康的影响，并评估父母对佩奇的看法。方法采用前瞻性干预研究。使用佩奇作为显示结构化刷牙方法的图片/卡片系列，37名ASD儿童（31名男性，6名女性）（平均年龄9.49 +/- 4.10，4-16岁）及其父母/护理人员接受了两次刷牙培训，间隔2周。检查后（基线、3个月、6个月）收集的数据包括牙龈和菌斑指数（GI、PI）和两份问卷（基线、6个月），用于人口统计学数据和父母对佩奇的看法，包括难度评级（容易、困难、非常困难）和佩奇有用性。结果大多数ASD儿童有语言能力（64.9%）和既往使用佩奇（67.6%）。GI和PI在基线和两次重新评估之间均显著下降（P < 0.001）。在所研究的因素中，年龄仅在所有阶段对PI有显著影响（P < 0.001）。大多数父母/照顾者（75.7%）认为佩奇很难，但很有用（100%）。年龄和是否使用佩奇对PECS难度评分有显著影响（P = 0.000和0.031），而性别对PECS难度评分无显著影响（P > 0.05）。结论佩奇治疗ASD困难，但对改善ASD患儿牙龈健康有一定作用。
Purpose The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is a communication system for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a PECS-based tooth-brushing programme on gingival health in children with ASD and assess parents' perception of PECS. Methods This was a prospective interventional study. Using PECS as a pictures/cards series showing a structured tooth-brushing method, 37 children with ASD (31 males, 6 females) (average age 9.49 +/- 4.10, 4-16 years) and their parents/caregivers were trained on tooth-brushing twice, 2 weeks apart. Data collected after examinations (baseline, 3, 6-months) included gingival and plaque indices (GI, PI) and two questionnaires (baseline, 6-months) for demographic data and parents' perception of PECS including difficulty rating (easy, hard, very hard) and PECS usefulness. Results Most children with ASD had language abilities (64.9%) and prior PECS use (67.6%). Both GI and PI significantly dropped between baseline and both re-evaluations, (P < 0.001). Age, among studied factors, significantly affected PI only at all stages (P < 0.001). Most parents/caregivers (75.7%) rated PECS as hard, but useful (100%). Age and PECS prior use significantly affected PECS difficulty rating (P = 0.000 and 0.031, respectively), while sex did not (P > 0.05). Conclusion PECS though rated as hard was useful in improving gingival health in children with ASD.