Artificial Intelligence, Heuristic Biases, and the Optimization of Health Outcomes: Cautionary Optimism.

Artificial Intelligence, Heuristic Biases, and the Optimization of Health Outcomes: Cautionary Optimism.
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DOI:
10.3390/jcm10225284
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发表时间:
2021-11-14
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
DeAngelis MM
DeAngelis MM
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Feehan M;Owen LA;McKinnon IM;DeAngelis MM

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在临床护理中使用人工智能(AI)和机器学习(ML)为改善患者健康结果和减少患者人群之间的健康不平等提供了巨大的希望。然而,这些应用中的固有偏差以及随后的潜在伤害风险可能会限制当前的使用。需要设计多模式工作流程,以最大限度地减少在现实环境中开发、实施和评估ML系统的这些限制,以提高效率,同时减少偏倚和潜在危害的风险。全面考虑快速发展的人工智能技术和固有的偏见风险,不断扩大的数据源数量和性质,以及不断变化的监管环境,可以为人工智能增强的临床决策的发展和减少健康不平等做出有意义的贡献。
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in clinical care offers great promise to improve patient health outcomes and reduce health inequity across patient populations. However, inherent biases in these applications, and the subsequent potential risk of harm can limit current use. Multi-modal workflows designed to minimize these limitations in the development, implementation, and evaluation of ML systems in real-world settings are needed to improve efficacy while reducing bias and the risk of potential harms. Comprehensive consideration of rapidly evolving AI technologies and the inherent risks of bias, the expanding volume and nature of data sources, and the evolving regulatory landscapes, can contribute meaningfully to the development of AI-enhanced clinical decision making and the reduction in health inequity.
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