Underwater geophysical monitoring for European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatories
Underwater geophysical monitoring for European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatories
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.09.010
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Favali, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monna, S.;Falcone, G.;Favali, P.
我们介绍了我们对部署在三个欧洲海底和水柱观测站(欧洲多学科海底和水柱观测站)的Geostar级观测站所获得的数据所做的工作，这些观测站位于存在强烈地质灾害的南欧水域：西伊比利亚边缘、西爱奥尼亚海、马尔马拉海和第勒尼安海的马尔西里盆地。描述了一种多参数数据质量控制的步骤。然后我们解释为什么海底是一个有趣的地球物理参数观察点，以及它与陆地有何不同。我们考虑了在EMSO地点发现的与地质灾害有关的四个有趣的地球物理现象。在第一个案例中，我们展示了如何通过基于地震计的单传感器分析来识别和粗略定位西爱奥尼亚海未知的地震活动和山体滑坡。在第二个案例中，我们集中讨论了近海海啸的产生问题，并描述了一个海啸预警探测系统，该系统在伊比利亚西部边缘进行了测试，目前在西爱奥尼亚地区实时运行。在第三种情况下，我们考虑地中海中部地区的两座大火山。Etna和Marsili海山信号来自地震仪和重力仪，记录在2100米海平面。显示山体的不同阶段。埃特纳的2002-2003年喷发。对于鲜为人知的Marsili，我们说明了来自不同传感器的几个指标如何指向热液活动。两个火山点的矢量磁强计有助于确定磁性岩石圈的深度。在第四个也是最后一个案例中，我们提出了一个多参数分析，重点是寻找伊兹米特湾(马尔马拉海)甲烷渗漏和地震能量释放之间的可能相关性。(C)2013爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
We present a review of our work on data acquired by GEOSTAR-class (GEophysical and Oceanographic STation for Abyssal Research) observatories deployed at three EMSO (European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory; http://www.emso-eu.org) sites in southern European waters where strong geo-hazards are present: the Western Iberian Margin, the Western Ionian Sea, the Marmara Sea, and the Marsili basin in the Tyrrhenian Sea. A procedure for multiparameter data quality control is described. Then we explain why the seafloor is an interesting observation point for geophysical parameters and how it differs from land sites. We consider four interesting geophysical phenomena found at the EMSO sites that are related to geo-hazard. In the first case, we show how unknown seismicity and landslides in the Western Ionian Sea were identified and roughly localised through a single-sensor analysis based on the seismometer. In the second case, we concentrate on the problem of near-coast tsunami generation and describe a Tsunami Early Warning Detection (TEWD) system, tested in the Western Iberian Margin and currently operating in real time at the Western Ionian site. In the third case, we consider two large volcanoes in the central Mediterranean area, Mt. Etna and the Marsili seamount Signals from the seismometer and gravimeter recorded at the seafloor at 2100 m b.s.l. show various phases of Mt. Etna's 2002-2003 eruption. For the less-known Marsili we illustrate how several indicators coming from different sensors point to hydrothermal activity. A vector magnetometer at the two volcanic sites helps identify the magnetic lithospheric depth. In the fourth and final case, we present a multiparameter analysis which was focused on finding possible correlations between methane seepage and seismic energy release in the Gulf of Izmit (Marmara Sea). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.