Quantifying coastal system resilience for the US Army Corps of Engineers
Quantifying coastal system resilience for the US Army Corps of Engineers
复制标题
量化美国陆军工程兵团沿海系统的恢复能力
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Lillycrop
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Rosati;J. Rosati;K. Touzinsky;K. Touzinsky;W. Lillycrop
美国陆军工程兵团（USACE）负责国家水资源基础设施的管理，目前面临着继续安全运行和管理这些老化基础设施的挑战。这些挑战包括气候模式的变化、日益严重的环境问题、沿海人口密度和相关基础设施的增加，以及有限的预算。缓解这些问题的一种方法是弹性的概念。2013年，海岸工程研究委员会（CERB）开始定义弹性，并了解其与沿海水利基础设施需求的关系。这项工作是促进USACE将弹性纳入沿海工程评估和项目设计的一步。CERB使用“准备”、“抵抗”、“恢复”和“适应”四个概念来定义弹性。这四个概念在全系统的方法中得到应用，不仅包括水资源工程基础设施（USACE建造和管理），还包括社区和生态基础设施。利用这一框架和以前的联邦和学术研究文献，开发了三种方法，结合了不同层次的专家和数据驱动的评估。其中两种方法，本文将其命名为Tier 1和Tier 3，已在纽约牙买加湾的试点研究中进行了测试。在牙买加湾项目成果的基础上，一级项目正在完善，二级项目正在开发中。
The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is responsible for the management of the Nation’s water resource infrastructure and is presently challenged to continue the safe operation and management of that aging infrastructure. These challenges span from changes in climate patterns to increased environmental concerns, greater coastal population densities and associated infrastructure, and limited budgets. One way to mitigate these issues is the concept of resilience. In 2013, the Coastal Engineering Research Board (CERB) began to define resilience and understand its relation to coastal water infrastructure needs. This work was a step forward in facilitating the USACE’s integration of resilience into coastal engineering assessment and project design. The CERB has defined resilience using the four concepts of “prepare,” “resist,” “recover,” and “adapt.” These four concepts are utilized in a system-wide approach that encompasses not only water resource engineered infrastructure (that the USACE builds and manages), but also considers community and ecological infrastructure. Using this framework and literature from previous federal and academic studies, three methods were developed that incorporate different levels of expert and data-driven assessment. Two of these methods, herein named Tier 1 and Tier 3, were tested in a pilot study in Jamaica Bay, NY. Building off of the results from Jamaica Bay, Tier 1 is being refined and Tier 2 is in development.