Strategic environmental assessment in Hong Kong
Strategic environmental assessment in Hong Kong
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2004.09.023
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Obbard, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ng, KL;Obbard, JP
本检讨探讨策略性环境评估程序在香港规划架构内的发展及应用。在策略性环评的背景下，我们评估了两项策略性规划个案研究，即“全港发展策略检讨”和“第三次综合运输研究”。香港人口的快速增长和城市化进程，加上历来缺乏规划管制和政府部门之间的内在冲突，成为香港实现可持续发展的主要障碍。尽管面临这些挑战，香港是亚洲首批将策略性环境评估应用于主要发展计划的国家之一。香港实施的“可持续发展21世纪”可持续发展研究，显示了政府对综合环境保护的承诺。策略性环评的应用，为决策者提供了有关拟议发展可能对环境造成影响的关键资料，从而提高决策过程的问责性和透明度。在香港进行的策略性环境评估，亦提高了负责管理香港自然及城市环境的政府部门和机构的环保意识和合作。然而，策略性环境评估在香港的应用仍有明显的局限。环评需要发展到超越目前的部门应用，审查发展决定如何不仅能预先预防和防止环境破坏，而且还能积极加强和恢复现有的自然资源。目前的土地使用计划和运输战略在很大程度上仍然决定着近期的发展格局，没有进行充分的长期环境成本效益分析。可持续发展包括环境、社会和经济方面的考虑，需要适当平衡这些相互关联的因素。策略性环评不应成为阻碍香港发展的手段，而应认可其内在的社会经济和生态价值，并与决策过程充分结合。香港在这方面所采取的积极措施固然令人钦佩，但现在正是政府拿出远见和毅力，为香港未来建立可持续发展框架的大好时机。(c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
This review examines the development and application of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) process in the planning framework of Hong Kong. Two strategic planning case studies are evaluated within the context of SEA, namely the Territorial Development Strategy Review (TDS Review) and the Third Comprehensive Transport Study (CTS-3). Rapid population growth and urbanisation in Hong Kong, coupled with a historic lack of planning controls and inherent conflicts between government departments have been major obstacles to achieving sustainable development in the territory. Despite these challenges, Hong Kong was one of the first Asian countries to apply SEA to major development plans, where the implementation of the 'SUSDEV 21' study on sustainable development has demonstrated the governments commitment towards integrated environmental protection. The application of SEA has provided decision-makers with key information on potential environment impacts arising from proposed developments, resulting in greater accountability and transparency in the decision-making process. SEA in Hong Kong has also prompted an increased level of environmental awareness and co-operation between government departments and agencies responsible for the management of Hong Kong's natural and urban environments. However, the application of SEA in Hong Kong continues to have notable limitations. SEA needs to evolve beyond its current sectoral application to examine ways in which development decisions can not only pre-empt and prevent environmental damage, but also positively enhance and restore existing natural resources. Current land use plans and transportation strategies still largely determine the pattern of development in the near future without adequate longer-term environmental cost-benefit analysis. Sustainable development includes environmental, social and economic considerations, and these inter-related elements need be suitably balanced. SEA is not a means to obstruct development in Hong Kong, but should be recognised for its inherent socio-economic and ecological value, and fully integrated with the decision-making process. Whilst it is admirable that Hong Kong has taken positive steps in this direction, it is now an opportune moment for the government to have the foresialit and tenacity to create a sustainable development framework for Hong Kong into the future. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.