Cancer stem cell niche in colorectal cancer and targeted therapies.
Cancer stem cell niche in colorectal cancer and targeted therapies.
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DOI：
10.2174/1381612826666200408102305
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发表时间：
2020-04
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Hao Wang;Guihua Cui;Bo Yu;Meiyan Sun;Hong Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hao Wang;Guihua Cui;Bo Yu;Meiyan Sun;Hong Yang
癌症干细胞（CSC），也称为肿瘤起始细胞，是在许多人类癌症中发现的具有自我更新和多能性的肿瘤细胞亚群。CSC可能比普通癌细胞对常规抗癌疗法更具抗性，因为它们可以容易地逃避标准化疗的细胞毒性作用，从而导致肿瘤复发。尽管相关研究取得了重大进展，但有效消除CSC仍然是未满足的临床需求。CSCs定位于一个称为小生境的特殊微环境中，在癌症多药耐药中起着关键作用。CSC的生态位组分，如细胞外基质，也在物理上保护CSC免受治疗剂的影响。结直肠癌是世界范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤，并且呈现出相对清晰的癌症发生和发展过程，使其成为CSC生态位研究的理想模型。本文以结直肠癌为例，综述了肿瘤干细胞领域的最新进展，以阐明靶向肿瘤干细胞小生境的潜在治疗价值。这些发现不仅为深入探讨肿瘤的发生、发展和预后评估提供了新的理论依据，而且为肿瘤的靶向治疗提供了新的策略。
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor-initiating cells, are a subpopulation of tumor cells found in many human cancers that are endowed with self-renewal and pluripotency. CSCs may be more resistant to conventional anticancer therapies than average cancer cells, as they can easily escape the cytotoxic effects of standard chemotherapy, thereby resulting in tumor relapse. Despite significant progresses in related research, effective elimination of CSCs remains an unmet clinical need. CSCs are localized in a specialized microenvironment termed the niche, which plays a pivotal role in cancer multidrug resistance. The niche components of CSCs, such as the extracellular matrix, also physically shelter CSCs from therapeutic agents. Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide and presents a relatively clear process of cancer initiation and development, making it an ideal model for CSC niche research. Here, we review recent advances in the field of CSCs using colorectal cancer as an example to illustrate the potential therapeutic value of targeting the CSC niche. These findings not only provide a novel theoretical basis for in-depth discussions on tumor occurrence, development, and prognosis evaluation, but also provide new strategies for the targeted treatment of cancer.