DEVELOPMENT, RELIABILITY, AND VALIDITY OF A DISSOCIATION SCALE
DEVELOPMENT, RELIABILITY, AND VALIDITY OF A DISSOCIATION SCALE
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DOI：
10.1097/00005053-198612000-00004
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发表时间：
1986-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
PUTNAM, FW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BERNSTEIN, EM;PUTNAM, FW
分离是缺乏正常的思想，感觉和经验整合到意识流和记忆中。分离在正常人中会发生某种程度的分离，但在患有严重精神疾病的人中更为普遍。分离体验量表（DES）的开发提供了一种可靠的测量正常和临床人群分离的方法。量表项目的开发使用临床数据和访谈，涉及记忆丧失的量表，并与专家协商解离。进行了试点测试，以完善该量表的措辞和格式。该量表是一份28项自我报告问卷。受试者被要求在100毫米的线上划斜线，以表明他们在每个问题的连续体上的位置。此外，还收集了人口统计资料（年龄、性别、职业和教育水平），以便研究这些变量与量表分数之间的联系。所有项目评分的平均值范围为0 - 100，称为DES评分。该量表适用于以下人群中的10至39名受试者：正常成年人，青春期后期的大学生，以及酗酒，广场恐怖症，恐惧焦虑症，创伤后应激障碍，精神分裂症和多重人格障碍的人。信度检验表明，该量表具有良好的重测信度和分半信度。项目量表得分的相关性都是显着的，表明良好的内部一致性和结构效度。Kruskal-Wallis检验和8个人群评分的事后比较为量表的标准参考有效性提供了证据。该量表能够区分患有分离性障碍（多重人格）的受试者和所有其他受试者。
Dissociation is a lack of the normal integration of thoughts, feelings and experiences into the stream of consciousness and memory. Dissociation occurs to some degree in normal individuals and is though to be more prevalent in persons with major mental illnesses. The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) has been developed to offer a means of reliably measuring dissociation in normal and clinical populations. Scale items were developed using clinical data and interviews, scales involving memory loss, and consultations with experts in dissociation. Pilot testing was performed to refine the wording and format of the scale. The scale is a 28-item self-report questionnaire. Subjects were asked to make slashes on 100-mm lines to indicate where they fall on a continuum for each question. In addition, demographic information (age, sex, occupation and level of education) was collected so that the connection between these variables and scale scores could be examined. The mean of all item scores ranges from 0 to 100 and is called the DES score. The scale was administered to between 10 and 39 subjects in each of the following populations: normal adults, late adolescent college students, and persons from alcoholism, agoraphobia, phobic-anxious disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, and multiple personality disorder. Reliability testing of the scale showed that the scale had good test-retest and good split-half reliability. Item-scale score correlations were all significant, indicating good internal consistency and construct validity. A Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc comparisons of the scores of the eight populations provided evidence of the scale''s criterion-referenced validity. The scale was able to distinguish between subjects with a dissociative disorder (multiple personality) and all other subjects.