WHO Manual on Animal Influenza Diagnosis and Surveillance
WHO Manual on Animal Influenza Diagnosis and Surveillance
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发表时间：
2002
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通讯作者：
Uenza Manu
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作者：
Uenza Manu
本文件并非世界卫生组织（世卫组织）的正式出版物，版权归世卫组织所有。然而，本文件可部分或全部自由审阅、摘录、复制和翻译，但不得出售，也不得用于商业目的。如需获得复制或全文翻译的授权，以及商业机构的任何使用许可，应向瑞士日内瓦的世卫组织全球流感规划提出申请咨询，该规划将乐于提供有关文本任何变更、新版计划以及已有重印本、区域改编本和翻译版本的最新信息。署名作者在文件中表达的观点仅由这些作者负责。每位成员被分配了一个或多个章节进行修订。关于动物流感监测的引言和背景信息使学员了解这些领域，并阐述了拟建的世卫组织动物流感网络的总体目标。从人类和低等动物中分离和鉴定流感病毒的实验室程序基本相同，本手册反映了这些相似之处。然而，在采样和现场策略方面存在大量差异。神经氨酸酶测定和神经氨酸酶抑制测定章节此前未包含在《人流感手册》中，是专门为这本《动物流感培训手册》编写的。通过逆转录酶 - 聚合酶链反应鉴定流感病毒、流感病毒和新城疫病毒的静脉致病性试验以及用于检测禽流感抗体的琼脂凝胶沉淀试验等章节也是为这本手册编写的。这是世卫组织《动物流感培训手册》的第二版，必须强调的是，这项工作是在自愿基础上完成的，该手册应被视为一项正在进行的工作。我们充分认识到存在改进空间，可能存在错误。我们请求将任何遗漏和错误告知动物流感网络的成员。
This document is not a formal publication of the World Health Organization (WHO), and all rights are reserved by the Organization. The document may, however, be freely reviewed, abstracted, reproduced and translated, in part or in whole, but not for sale nor for use in conjunction with commercial purposes. For authorization to reproduce or translate the work in full, and for any use by commercial entities, applications enquiries should be addressed to the Global Influenza Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, which will be glad to provide the latest information on any changes made to the text, plans for new editions and the reprints, regional adaptions and translations that are already available. The views expressed in documents by named authors are solely the responsibility of those authors. Each member was assigned one or more chapters for revision. The introduction and background information on surveillance for animal influenza orients the trainee in these areas and sets out the overall goals of the proposed WHO Animal Influenza Network. The laboratory procedures for the isolation and antigenic characterization of influenza viruses from humans and lower animals are essentially the same and the present manual reflects these similarities. However, there are a significant number of differences in sampling and field strategies. The chapters on the neuraminidase assay and neuramini-dase inhibition assay that were not previously included in the Human Influenza Manual were developed specifically for this Animal Influenza Training Manual. The chapters on the identification of influenza viruses by Reverse Transcriptase – Polymerase Chain Reaction, the intravenous pathogenicity tests for influenza viruses and Newcastle Disease Virus were developed for this manual as was the chapter on the agar gel precipitation tests for the detection of antibodies for avian influenza. This is the second edition of the WHO Animal Influenza Training Manual and it must be emphasized that the work was done on a voluntary basis and the manual should be considered a work in progress. We fully acknowledge that there is room for improvement and that errors may be present. We request that any omissions and errors be brought to the attention of members of the Animal Influenza Network.