Design and Performance of the ARIANNA HRA-3 Neutrino Detector Systems
Design and Performance of the ARIANNA HRA-3 Neutrino Detector Systems
复制标题
ARIANNA HRA-3 中微子探测器系统的设计和性能
DOI：
10.1109/tns.2015.2468182
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
L. Zou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Barwick;E. Berg;D. Besson;T. Duffin;J. Hanson;S. Klein;S. Kleinfelder;K. Ratzlaff;C. Reed;M. Roumi;T. Stezelberger;J. Tatar;J. Walker;R. Young;L. Zou
我们报告的开发，安装和运行的前三个部署在ARIANNA网站的试点Hundronal无线电阵列（HRA）在南极洲的七个站。ARIANNA项目的主要目标是利用罗斯冰架表面上相距1公里的大型自主站阵列观测高能（> 100 PeV）宇宙成因中微子特征。阵列中的每个站都能感知100 MHz至1 GHz的无线电辐射，包括RF天线、放大器、1.92 G采样/秒、850 MHz带宽信号采集电路、模式匹配触发功能、嵌入式CPU、32 GB固态数据存储以及远距离无线和卫星通信。电力由太阳提供，并在LiFePO 4蓄电池中缓冲，每个站平均消耗7 W的电力。太阳能发电的运行导致每两年寿命≥58%。该站的模式触发能力将触发速率降低到几毫赫兹，具有4西格玛电压阈值，同时保持中微子信号的良好稳定性和高效率。该台站的时间分辨率为0.049 ns，RMS，从罗斯冰架海冰界面反射的信号的事件重建的角度精度范围为0.14 °至0.17 °。
We report on the development, installation, and operation of the first three of seven stations deployed at the ARIANNA site's pilot Hexagonal Radio Array (HRA) in Antarctica. The primary goal of the ARIANNA project is to observe ultrahigh energy ( > 100 PeV) cosmogenic neutrino signatures using a large array of autonomous stations, each 1 km apart on the surface of the Ross Ice Shelf. Sensing radio emissions of 100 MHz to 1 GHz, each station in the array contains RF antennas, amplifiers, 1.92 G-sample/s, 850 MHz bandwidth signal acquisition circuitry, pattern-matching trigger capabilities, an embedded CPU, 32 GB of solid-state data storage, and long-distance wireless and satellite communications. Power is provided by the sun and buffered in LiFePO 4 storage batteries, and each station consumes an average of 7 W of power. Operation on solar power has resulted in ≥58% per calendar-year live-time. The station's pattern-trigger capabilities reduce the trigger rates to a few milli-Hertz with 4-sigma voltage thresholds while retaining good stability and high efficiency for neutrino signals. The timing resolution of the station has been found to be 0.049 ns, RMS, and the angular precision of event reconstructions of signals bounced off of the sea-ice interface of the Ross Ice Shelf ranged from 0.14 to 0.17 °.