The allelochemical farnesene affects Arabidopsis thaliana root meristem altering auxin distribution
The allelochemical farnesene affects Arabidopsis thaliana root meristem altering auxin distribution
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.10.005
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Abenavoli, Maria Rosa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Araniti, Fabrizio;Bruno, Leonardo;Abenavoli, Maria Rosa
法呢烯是一种倍半萜，具有参与种间通讯的化学信息活性。这种分子，以其潜在的植物毒性及其对根形态和解剖学的影响而闻名，导致各向异性生长，大胆的根和“左手”表型。这些线索表明生长素分布的改变，因此，本研究的目的是评估其对以下方面的影响：i）PIN形成蛋白（PIN）分布，参与生长素极性运输; ii）PIN基因表达; iii）主根顶端分生组织解剖结构，在7天龄的拟南芥幼苗中用法尼烯250 μ M处理。以下GFP构建体：pSCR：：SCR-GFP、pDR 5：：GFP、pPIN 1：：PIN 1-GFP、pPIN 2：：PIN 2-GFP、pPIN 3：：PIN 3-GFP、pPIN 4：：PIN 4-GFP和pPIN 7：：PIN 7-GFP用于评估生长素分布。法尼烯引起分生区大小的减少，过渡区的进展，表明细胞过早退出分生区，细胞分裂减少，表皮和皮层细胞之间的损害。生长素响应报告基因pDR 5：：GFP强调了生长素分布在法呢烯处理的根中受损，其中生长素分布在静止中心和柱初始细胞中出现最大值，而没有延伸到成熟的柱细胞。PIN转运蛋白分布的分析进一步证实了这一发现，对单个构建体进行评估，其显示出主要依赖于PIN 3，4和7的极端变化，参与根发育和生长素再分配过程中的模式特化。最后，法尼烯治疗引起的所有生长素运输基因的研究下调。我们认为，法尼烯影响生长素的运输和分配，引起根分生组织的改变，从而导致左旋表型。
Farnesene is a sesquiterpene with semiochemical activity involved in interspecies communication. This molecule, known for its phytotoxic potential and its effects on root morphology and anatomy, caused anisotropic growth, bold roots and a "left-handedness" phenotype. These clues suggested an alteration of auxin distribution, and for this reason, the aim of the present study was to evaluate its effects on: i) PIN-FORMED proteins (PIN) distribution, involved in polar auxin transport; ii) PIN genes expression iii) apical meristem anatomy of primary root, in 7 days old Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings treated with farnesene 250 mu M. The following GFP constructs: pSCR::SCR-GFP, pDR5::GFP, pPIN1::PIN1-GFP, pPIN2::PIN2-GFP, pPIN3::PIN3-GFP, pPIN4::PIN4-GFP and pPIN7::PIN7-GFP were used to evaluate auxin distribution. Farnesene caused a reduction in meristematic zone size, an advancement in transition zone, suggesting a premature exit of cells from the meristematic zone, a reduction in cell division and an impairment between epidermal and cortex cells. The auxin-responsive reporter pDR5::GFP highlighted that auxin distribution was impaired in farnesene-treated roots, where auxin distribution appeared maximum in the quiescent center and columella initial cells, without extending to mature columella cells. This finding was further confirmed by the analysis on PIN transport proteins distribution, assessed on individual constructs, which showed an extreme alteration mainly dependent on the PIN 3, 4 and 7, involved in pattern specification during root development and auxin redistribution. Finally, farnesene treatment caused a down-regulation of all the auxin transport genes studied. We propose that farnesene affected auxin transport and distribution causing the alteration of root meristem, and consequently the left-handedness phenotype.