Vaginal and Uterine Bacterial Communities in Postpartum Lactating Cows.
Vaginal and Uterine Bacterial Communities in Postpartum Lactating Cows.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.01047
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Myer PR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clemmons BA;Reese ST;Dantas FG;Franco GA;Smith TPL;Adeyosoye OI;Pohler KG;Myer PR
牛的繁殖效率低下对牛经营的整体生产力产生了重大影响，增加了生产成本，并影响了牛企业的可持续性。繁殖成功率下降和相关的疾病状态与特定微生物的存在和微生物群落特征有关，但微生物群落和宿主生理之间的关系细节尚不清楚。本研究利用人工授精时V1-V3高变区的16S rRNA测序，对牛子宫和阴道中的微生物群落进行了描述和比较。阴道群落和子宫群落在α多样性水平上存在显著差异，包括Chao1、香农多样性指数和观察到的OTU。在主坐标分析中，与子宫OTU相比，阴道OTU的聚集性更大，尽管在加权和未加权的UniFrac距离矩阵中，阴道群落的差异更大(p<；0.05)。子宫中未分配类群的相对丰度明显较高(p=0.008)，除此之外，总体群落特征之间的差异很小。阴道群落和子宫群落均以绒鼠为主，但子宫群落中与该门物种相对应的rRNA序列的相对丰度显著较低(p=0.007)。在属水平上还观察到了其他差异，特别是在梭状芽胞杆菌(p=0.009)、厌氧菌(p=0.018)、阿托布氏菌(p=0.035)、振荡螺菌(p=0.035)、5-7N15(p=0.035)、支原体(p=0.035)、臭杆菌(p=0.042)以及梭形菌科(p=0.006)、产碱菌科(p=0.021)和反刍球菌科(p=0.021)的丰度上。总体而言，比较揭示了牛生殖器官之间的差异和共性，这可能受到寄主生理的影响。在子宫中发现的未分配类群的丰度增加，可能对动物的生殖状态起着重要的生物学作用。这项研究是比较怀孕前细菌群落的初步数据集。
Reproductive inefficiency in cattle has major impacts on overall productivity of cattle operations, increasing cost of production, and impacting the sustainability of the cattle enterprise. Decreased reproductive success and associated disease states have been correlated with the presence of specific microbes and microbial community profiles, yet details of the relationship between microbial communities and host physiology are not well known. The present study profiles and compares the microbial communities in the bovine uterus and vagina using 16S rRNA sequencing of the V1–V3 hypervariable region at the time of artificial insemination. Significant differences (p < 0.05) between the vaginal and uterine communities were observed at the level of α-diversity metrics, including Chao1, Shannon’s Diversity Index, and observed OTU. Greater clustering of vaginal OTU was apparent in principal coordinate analysis compared to uterine OTU, despite greater diversity in the vaginal community in both weighted and unweighted UniFrac distance matrices (p < 0.05). There was a significantly greater relative abundance of unassigned taxa in the uterus (p = 0.008), otherwise there were few differences between the overall community profiles. Both vaginal and uterine communities were dominated by Firmicutes, although the relative abundance of rRNA sequences corresponding to species in this phylum was significantly (p = 0.007) lower in the uterine community. Additional differences were observed at the genus level, specifically in abundances within Clostridium (p = 0.009), Anaerofustis (p = 0.018), Atopobium (p = 0.035), Oscillospira (p = 0.035), 5-7N15 (p = 0.035), Mycoplasma (p = 0.035), Odoribacter (p = 0.042), and within the families Clostridiaceae (p = 0.006), Alcaligenaceae (p = 0.021), and Ruminococcaceae (p = 0.021). Overall, the comparison revealed differences and commonalities among bovine reproductive organs, which may be influenced by host physiology. The increased abundance of unassigned taxa found in the uterus may play a significant biological role in the reproductive status of the animal. The study represents an initial dataset for comparing bacterial communities prior to establishment of pregnancy.