Beyond solvents and electrolytes: Ionic liquids-based advanced functional materials
Beyond solvents and electrolytes: Ionic liquids-based advanced functional materials
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pmatsci.2015.10.001
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
37.4
通讯作者：
Shiguo Zhang;Qinghua Zhang;Yan Zhang;Zhengjian Chen;M. Watanabe;Youquan Deng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shiguo Zhang;Qinghua Zhang;Yan Zhang;Zhengjian Chen;M. Watanabe;Youquan Deng
由不连续的阳离子和阴离子组成的离子液体（Ion Liquids，ILs）已不再被视为有机反应、催化、分离、电化学等领域的替代溶剂和电解质，而是成为先进功能材料的通用构建单元。通过化学修饰（共价功能化或离子交换复分解）或离子液体与传统材料的物理结合，已经实现了许多功能离子液体和含离子液体的复合材料。离子液体作为平台的独特结构和行为不仅提供了额外的机会来调整这些离子材料的物理化学性质以用于特定任务的应用，而且还提供了其他有吸引力的特征，例如固有的离子电导率和高热、化学和电化学稳定性。这些软材料联合收割机结合了离子液体的有利特征和官能团或材料的原始化学性质;有些甚至具有由于这两种组分之间的协同相互作用而产生的意想不到的功能。离子液体的物化是离子液体化学和材料科学的一个新的、有前途的研究方向。本文综述了近年来离子液体基功能材料的研究进展，重点介绍了智能敏感材料、光学材料、含能材料和离子液体/碳杂化材料。
Instead of being seen as alternative solvents and electrolytes for organic reactions, catalysis, separation, electrochemistry, and so on, ionic liquids (ILs) consisting of discrete cations and anions have recently emerged as versatile building blocks for advanced functional materials. A number of functional ILs and IL-containing composite materials have been realized by either chemical modification (covalent functionalization or ion-exchange metathesis) or physical integration of ILs and traditional materials. The unique structure and behavior of ILs as a platform not only provides additional opportunities to adjust the physicochemical properties of these ionic materials for task-specific applications, but also offers other attractive features such as intrinsic ionic conductivity and high thermal, chemical, and electrochemical stability. These soft materials combine the favorable features of ILs and the original chemistries of the functional groups or materials; some even possess unexpected functions resulting from synergetic interaction between these two components. Materialization of ILs is truly a novel, promising research direction for both IL chemistry and materials science. In this article, we review recent advances in IL-based functional materials, focusing on smart and sensitive materials, optical materials, energetic materials, and IL/carbon hybrid materials.