Intracellular Nucleic Acid Detection in Autoimmunity.

Intracellular Nucleic Acid Detection in Autoimmunity.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052331
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发表时间:
2017-04-26
影响因子:
29.7
通讯作者:
Stetson DB
Stetson DB
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Crowl JT;Gray EE;Pestal K;Volkman HE;Stetson DB

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对病毒感染的保护性免疫应答由先天免疫传感器启动,所述先天免疫传感器调查细胞外和细胞内空间的外来核酸。这些传感器的存在提出了关于自我/非自我歧视的基本问题,因为占据这些相同隔间的自我DNA和自我RNA的丰度。最近的进展表明,代谢或修饰内源性核酸的酶对于防止先天性抗病毒反应的不适当激活是必不可少的。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了罕见的人类疾病引起的失调核酸传感,主要集中在细胞内传感器的核酸。我们总结了从这些疾病中吸取的经验教训,我们合理化这些疾病的存在,在进化的背景下,我们提出,这个框架也可能适用于一些更常见的自身免疫性疾病,其潜在的遗传学和机制尚未完全理解。
Protective immune responses to viral infection are initiated by innate immune sensors that survey extracellular and intracellular space for foreign nucleic acids. The existence of these sensors raises fundamental questions about self/non-self discrimination because of the abundance of self-DNA and self-RNA that occupy these same compartments. Recent advances have revealed that enzymes that metabolize or modify endogenous nucleic acids are essential for preventing inappropriate activation of the innate antiviral response. In this review, we discuss rare human diseases caused by dysregulated nucleic acid sensing, focusing primarily on intracellular sensors of nucleic acids. We summarize lessons learned from these disorders, we rationalize the existence of these diseases in the context of evolution, and we propose that this framework may also apply to a number of more common autoimmune diseases for which the underlying genetics and mechanisms are not yet fully understood.
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