An analysis of and recommendations for comprehensive state water recycling policy strategies in the U.S.
An analysis of and recommendations for comprehensive state water recycling policy strategies in the U.S.
复制标题
美国综合州水循环政策战略的分析和建议
DOI：
10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106356
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Fowler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Megan N. Hopson;L. Fowler
为了解决日益严重的水资源短缺问题，许多美国社区正在考虑重新利用饮用水来扩大供水。然而，公众的负面看法已被证明会阻碍回收项目的实施。我们的分析是应美国乔治亚州一家水务公司的水再利用委员会的要求而发起的，该委员会认为，全面的州水循环立法将有助于公众对饮用水再利用的支持。由于没有其他指导方针，管理人员要求我们审查美国其他州颁布的立法，以推荐适合在格鲁吉亚采用的要素。我们预测，促进公众对地方再利用项目的支持的共同立法要素将包括对回收目标的明确和令人信服的阐述，将监督和管理的责任委托给具有适当专业知识的特定州机构，对允许的回收类型和每种回收类型所需的相关水处理的阐述，以及责任和资金规定。我们分析了15个州的法律，这些州制定了全面的水循环立法，以确定它们如何解决这些因素，并建议我们认为最有可能缓解公众担忧的政策。这些措施包括让州卫生和环境机构参与制定和实施回收条例，精简和简化将废水处理和再利用许可证结合起来的许可程序，并要求公用事业公司为循环水的消费者制定外展计划。我们没有预料到，但发现值得注意的策略包括任命不同的利益相关者团体参与立法和监管起草，在起草过程中举行公开听取会议，并要求公用事业公司在其正在进行的规划中考虑将再利用作为一种供应选择。当乔治亚州和其他州考虑通过水循环立法时，他们应该考虑这些建议，以向公众保证这种做法是安全的，并可能在提供弹性供水和环境保护方面发挥关键作用。
To combat increasing water scarcity, many U.S. communities are considering potable water reuse to expand water supplies. Negative public perceptions, however, have been shown to inhibit the implementation of recycling projects. Our analysis was initiated in response to a request by the water reuse committee of a water utility organization in the U.S. state of Georgia who believe that comprehensive state water recycling legislation will contribute to public support for potable reuse. Because no guidance otherwise exists, the managers asked us to review the legislation enacted by other U.S. states to recommend elements appropriate for adoption in Georgia. We predicted that common legislative elements to promote public support of local reuse projects would include a clear and compelling enunciation of the goal for recycling, a delegation of responsibility for oversight and management to specific state agencies with appropriate expertise, an articulation of the types of recycling allowed and the associated water treatment required for each, and liability and funding provisions. We analyzed the laws of the fifteen states which have enacted comprehensive water recycling legislation to determine how they addressed these elements and to recommend those policies we found most likely to assuage public concerns. These include involving both the state health and environmental agencies in developing and implementing recycling regulations, streamlining and simplifying the permitting process to combine wastewater treatment and reuse permits, and requiring utilities to develop outreach programs for consumers of recycled water. Strategies we did not anticipate but found noteworthy and included in our recommendations were appointment of a diverse group of stakeholders to contribute to legislative and regulatory drafting, holding public listening sessions during the drafting process, and requiring utilities to consider reuse as a supply option in their ongoing planning. As Georgia and other states consider the adoption of water recycling legislation, they should consider these recommendations to assure the public that the practice is safe and may play a critical role in providing for resilient water supply and environmental protection.
影响因子：
13.2
作者：
Glick, David M.;Goldfarb, Jillian L.;Kriner, Douglas L.
通讯作者：
Kriner, Douglas L.