The Invention of World Religions: Or, How European Universalism Was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism
The Invention of World Religions: Or, How European Universalism Was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism
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世界宗教的发明：或者说，欧洲普世主义如何以多元主义语言得以保存
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发表时间：
2005
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tomoko Masuzawa
中科院分区：
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作者：
Tomoko Masuzawa
“世界宗教”的概念表达了对多元文化主义的模糊承诺。“世界宗教”不仅是一个描述性的概念，也是一种特定的民族精神、一种多元化的意识形态、一种分类的逻辑和一种知识形式，它塑造了宗教研究并渗透到了普通语言中。在这项雄心勃勃的研究中，Masuzawa Tomoko Masuzawa通过仔细阅读早在17世纪的各种资料，考察了现代欧洲思想中出现的“世界宗教”。她特别关注语言的比较研究和新兴的宗教科学之间的关系，展示了语言和种族的新分类如何使佛教和伊斯兰教获得了特殊的意义，因为这些宗教开始被用相反的术语来看待-雅利安人和闪米特人。Masuzawa还探讨了“世界宗教”与新教神学的复杂关系，从19世纪基督教至上主义者典型的宗教等级秩序，到20世纪初神学家恩斯特·特罗尔奇的抱负，他拥抱了“世界宗教”的多元逻辑，并试图通过这样做来找回欧洲现代性的普世主义命运。
The idea of "world religions" expresses a vague commitment to multiculture alism. Not merely a descriptive concept, "world religions" is also a particular ethos, a pluralist ideology, a logic of classification, and a form of knowledge that has shaped the study of religion and infiltrated ordinary language. In this ambitious study, Tomoko Masuzawa examines the emergence of "world religions" in modern European thought through a close reading of a variety of sources as early as the seventeenth century. Devoting particular attention to the relation between the comparative study of language and the nascent science of religion, she demonstrates how new classifications of language and race caused Buddhism and Islam to gain special significance as these religions came to be seen in opposing terms - Aryan on one hand and Semitic on the other. Masuzawa also explores the complex relation of "world religions" to Protestant theology, from the hierarchical ordering of religions typical of the Christian supremacists of the nineteenth century, to the aspirations of early twentieth-century theologian Ernst Troeltsch, who embraced the pluralist logic of "world religions" and by so doing sought to reclaim the universalist destiny of European modernity.