Superior outcome of females over males after brief treatment for the reduction of heavy drinking.
Superior outcome of females over males after brief treatment for the reduction of heavy drinking.
复制标题
在减少酗酒的短暂治疗后，女性的结果优于男性。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.1989.tb00583.x
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lei,H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sanchez-Craig,M;Leigh,G;Spivak,K;Lei,H
通过广告招募的问题饮酒者（52 名男性，38 名女性）被随机分配接受三种治疗方法之一： 指南：使用小册子提供三轮建议，概述实现戒酒或适度饮酒的基本步骤。手册：三节关于使用“自助”手册的指导，介绍了实现禁欲或适度饮酒的逐步方法。治疗师：按照“自助”手册中概述的方法进行六次或更多疗程的指导。在第 3、6 和 12 个月的随访中，各组之间在重度饮酒天数（即饮酒超过四杯，每杯含 13.6 克/乙醇的天数）减少方面没有发现显着差异。总体而言，体重过重天数从摄入时的平均 43 天减少到 1 年随访期间的 20 天。然而，女性的减少幅度明显大于男性（75% 对 35%）。治疗后三个月，在指南条件下（60% 对 33%）和手动条件下（63% 对 18%），女性中度饮酒成功率显着高于男性，但在治疗师条件下则不然（25% 对 35%）。在一年的随访中，女性在所有条件下都比男性更成功。根据客户的自我报告，GGT 和 MCV 水平的平均变化支持饮酒状态的变化（从摄入时的大量饮酒者到随访时的适度饮酒者）。
Problem drinkers (52 males, 38 females) recruited through advertisements were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: Guidelines: three sessions of advice using a pamphlet outlining basic steps for achieving abstinence or moderate drinking. Manual: three sessions of instruction in the use of a 'self‐help’manual presenting a step‐by‐step approach for attaining abstinence or moderate drinking. Therapist: six or more sessions of instruction in the methods outlined in the 'self‐help’manual. At 3, 6 and 12 months follow‐up, no significant differences were found among the groups in reduction of heavy drinking days (i.e. days when consumption exceeded four drinks, each containing 13.6 g/ethanol). Overall, the number of heavy days were reduced from an average of 43 at intake, to 20 over the 1‐year follow‐up period. Females, however, had significantly greater reductions than males (75% versus 35%). Three months after treatment the rate of successful moderate drinkers was significantly higher for females than males in the Guidelines (60% versus 33%) and the Manual condition (63% versus 18%), but not in the Therapist condition (25% versus 35%). At 1‐year follow‐up, females were more successful than males in all conditions. Mean changes in GGT and MCV levels lended support to the change in drinking status (from heavy drinker at intake to moderate drinker at follow‐up), based on clients’self‐reports.