A survey of host range genes in poxvirus genomes.

A survey of host range genes in poxvirus genomes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.meegid.2012.12.002
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发表时间:
2013-03
期刊:
Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Rothenburg S
Rothenburg S
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bratke KA;McLysaght A;Rothenburg S

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痘病毒是广泛传播的病原体,其宿主范围极其不同。包括天花病毒在内的一些痘病毒的宿主范围较窄,而牛痘病毒等其他痘病毒则自然感染广泛的哺乳动物。宿主范围差异的分子基础尚不清楚,但显然取决于宿主抗病毒反应的成功操纵。一些痘病毒基因已被证明在实验环境中赋予宿主趋向性,因此被称为宿主范围因素。已鉴定的宿主范围基因包括牛痘病毒 K1L、K3L、E3L、B5R、C7L 和 SPI-1,牛痘病毒 CP77/CHOhr,节肢动物病毒 p28 和 022,以及粘液瘤病毒 T2、T4、T5、11L、13L、062R 和 063R。这些基因编码含锚蛋白重复序列​​的蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子受体 II 同系物、凋亡抑制剂 T4 相关蛋白、Bcl-2 相关蛋白、含 Pyrin 结构域的蛋白、细胞丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 (serpin)、含短补体样重复的蛋白、含 KilA-N/RING 结构域的蛋白以及双链 RNA 激活蛋白激酶 PKR 的抑制剂。我们对痘病毒基因组中已知宿主范围基因和密切相关的家族成员的存在进行了系统调查,根据它们的系统发育关系将它们分为亚组,并将它们的存在与痘病毒系统发育相关联。痘病毒宿主范围基因进化的共同主题是谱系特异性重复和多个独立的失活事件。我们的分析对痘病毒宿主范围基因的进化产生了新的见解。讨论了我们的发现对痘病毒宿主范围和毒力的影响。
Poxviruses are widespread pathogens, which display extremely different host ranges. Whereas some poxviruses, including variola virus, display narrow host ranges, others such as cowpox viruses naturally infect a wide range of mammals. The molecular basis for differences in host range are poorly understood but apparently depend on the successful manipulation of the host antiviral response. Some poxvirus genes have been shown to confer host tropism in experimental settings and are thus called host range factors. Identified host range genes include vaccinia virus K1L, K3L, E3L, B5R, C7L and SPI-1, cowpox virus CP77/CHOhr, ectromelia virus p28 and 022, and myxoma virus T2, T4, T5, 11L, 13L, 062R and 063R. These genes encode for ankyrin repeat-containing proteins, tumor necrosis factor receptor II homologs, apoptosis inhibitor T4-related proteins, Bcl-2-related proteins, pyrin domain-containing proteins, cellular serine protease inhibitors (serpins), short complement-like repeats containing proteins, KilA-N/RING domain-containing proteins, as well as inhibitors of the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase PKR. We conducted a systematic survey for the presence of known host range genes and closely related family members in poxvirus genomes, classified them into subgroups based on their phylogenetic relationship and correlated their presence with the poxvirus phylogeny. Common themes in the evolution of poxvirus host range genes are lineage-specific duplications and multiple independent inactivation events. Our analyses yield new insights into the evolution of poxvirus host range genes. Implications of our findings for poxvirus host range and virulence are discussed.
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