Toward Empowering Conversational Agency in Aphasia: Understanding Mechanisms of Topic Initiation in People With and Without Aphasia.
Toward Empowering Conversational Agency in Aphasia: Understanding Mechanisms of Topic Initiation in People With and Without Aphasia.
复制标题
增强失语症患者的会话能力：了解失语症患者和非失语症患者的话题发起机制。
DOI：
10.1044/2021_ajslp-21-00049
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Edmonds,LisaA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leaman,MarionC;Archer,Brent;Edmonds,LisaA
方法：20名PWA和20名M-PWoA分别参加了与SLP-Ps的两次对话。对谈话样本进行了TI位置和机制的分析，并根据公布的类型对每种说话者类型进行了统计。交际成功的衡量标准应用于TI话语。通过秩序相关分析，评价了不同说话人类型间TI机制的分布规律和不同说话人类型间多机制使用规律。描述性分析是为了进一步了解每种说话者类型的TI行为，并评估多种TI机制与交际成功之间的关系。结果：所有类型的说话者最常使用衔接来实现TI。PWA比其他类型的扬声器更频繁地使用突发性TI（非相干TI）方法。除了slp - p与PWA对话时，所有类型的扬声器都最常使用TI的单一机制。在这种情况下，slp - p通常使用两层或更多层的TI机制。slp - p还使用了一个高度突出的TI机制，当与PWA交谈时，其频率比在其他扬声器类型之间观察到的要高。当PWA分层机制的TI，他们似乎更有可能实现更好的交际成功。结论：具体的、可教的行为，如支持某些TI机制和使用多种TI机制，可以提高PWA在TI过程中的沟通成功。此外，研究结果表明，SLP-Ps在与PWA交谈时改变了他们的TI行为。补充资料：https://doi。org/10.23641/asha。17699423
Method: Twenty PWA and 20 M-PWoA each participated in two conversations with SLP-Ps. Conversation samples were analyzed for TI locations and mechanisms, with results tallied for each speaker type following a published typology. A measure of communicative success was applied to TI utterances. Rank-order correlations were conducted to evaluate the patterns of distribution of the TI mechanisms between speaker types and the patterns of multiple mechanism usage between speaker types. Descriptive analysis was conducted to provide additional insight to the TI behaviors of each speaker type and to evaluate the relationship between multiple TI mechanisms and communicative success. Results: All speaker types used cohesion most often to achieve TI. PWA used an abrupt method of TI (noncoherent TI) more often than other speaker types. A single mechanism of TI was used most often by all speaker types, except for SLP-Ps when they were in conversations with PWA. In this case, SLP-Ps most often used two or more layered mechanisms of TI. SLP-Ps also used a highly salient TI mechanism with greater frequency when speaking with PWA than observed between other speaker types. When PWA layered mechanisms of TI, they appeared to be more likely to achieve better communicative success. Conclusions: Specific, teachable behaviors such as favoring certain TI mechanisms and using multiple TI mechanisms may improve communicative success during TI for PWA. Furthermore, findings suggest that SLP-Ps modify their TI behaviors when speaking to PWA.Supplemental Material: https://doi. org/10.23641/asha. 17699423