Disturbance-mediated competition between perennial plants along a resource supply gradient
Disturbance-mediated competition between perennial plants along a resource supply gradient
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01846.x
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Brewer, J. Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brewer, J. Stephen
1.传统的生态干扰观点强调物理干扰在减少种群间竞争和维持物种共存方面的作用。我提出了另一种观点，它使用一个简单的Lotka-Volterra模型来演示抗干扰性、抗干扰性和资源储存如何在资源供应梯度上增加生长形态相似的多年生植物个体之间的竞争。在对比两个假想物种单个基因的生长时，我假设与贫瘠土壤中固有的低模数(即植物部分)死亡率相关的性状导致更多的资源储存，但与最大潜在净光合作用速率和干扰适应能力相权衡。由于抢占，具有更多持久构件的物种(‘持久’物种)和更大的储存量产生了更大的基因组，并在较低的总资源供应量下取代了其他物种。具有较高净光合作用速率的物种(‘弹性’物种)随着总资源供应的增加而获得规模和竞争优势，前提是其构件的衰老足够低，或者对两个物种的部分基因有恒定和相同的损伤率。持久型物种对干扰的选择能力强于恢复型物种，这反过来又提高了前者在中等资源丰富、易受干扰的环境中的竞争能力。综合。对干扰的抵抗力和恢复力都可能通过允许一个物种干扰其竞争对手从干扰中恢复来增加该物种的竞争能力。与必须从竞争实验中消除干扰以准确衡量构建植物群落的竞争潜力的观点相反，我得出的结论是相反的。
1. Traditional views of ecological disturbance emphasize the role that physical disturbances play in reducing competition between populations and maintaining species coexistence. I present an alternative view that employs a simple Lotka-Volterra model to demonstrate how disturbance resistance, disturbance resilience and resource storage can increase competition between individual perennial plants of similar growth form along a resource supply gradient.2. In contrasting the growth of individual genets of two hypothetical species, I assumed that traits associated with inherently low module (i.e. plant part) mortality in infertile soils resulted in greater resource storage, but traded off with maximum potential net photosynthesis rates and thus disturbance resilience.3. The species with more persistent modules (the 'persistent' species) and greater storage produced larger genets and displaced the other species at low gross resource supplies as a result of pre-emption.4. The species with the greater net photosynthesis rate (the 'resilient' species) gained a size and competitive advantage with increasing gross resource supply, provided senescence of its modules was sufficiently low or there was a constant and equivalent rate of damage to portions of the genets of both species.5. Selection for disturbance resistance was greater in the persistent species than in the resilient species, which in turn increased the former's competitive ability in moderately resource-rich, disturbance-prone environments.6. Synthesis. Both resistance and resilience to disturbance potentially increase a species' competitive ability by allowing that species to interfere with the recovery of its competitors from disturbance. Contrary to the view that disturbances must be eliminated from competition experiments to accurately measure the potential for competition to structure plant communities, I conclude that the opposite is true.