The growth of phonemic and lexical patterns in infant language
The growth of phonemic and lexical patterns in infant language
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婴儿语言中音素和词汇模式的发展
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发表时间：
1943
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通讯作者：
H. V. Velten
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作者：
H. V. Velten
这项研究是基于我女儿琼从第十一个月到第三十六个月的讲话记录。它将主要处理音素和词汇问题。因为，除了下面将要讨论的其他原因之外，英语儿童语言的形态和句法发展已在许多著作中得到了很好的描述，而迄今为止，只有两位作者隐含或明确地关注婴儿语言中的音位问题，2至于词汇模式，不可能从习惯的字母单词列表中收集任何信息。3在许多关于婴儿语言的书籍中，已经确定，正确说话的语言习得之前有一个句号，称为“babillage”（H. Delacroix）、“Lallperiode”（K. Bfihler）或牙牙学语阶段，在此期间发音器官得到发育并不断得到锻炼。即使是最奇怪的声音，即孩子肯定从未听过的语音，也可能在这段时间产生并完美地表达出来。美国儿童可能会发出软腭 spirants、清鼻音、卷舌齿音等的发音。在早期阶段，小舌 r 很常见。4 Joan 对软腭 g 音和清腭 spirants 特别上瘾。5 在这个阶段结束时，即随着音素的首次出现，产生多种语音的能力似乎在一夜之间消失了。”
This study is based on a record of my daughter Joan's speech from her eleventh to her thirty-sixth month.' It will deal chiefly with phonemic and lexical matters. For, apart from other reasons which will be discussed below, the morphological and syntactical development in the language of English-speaking children has been well described in numerous works, while only two authors have hitherto been concerned, implicitly or explicitly, with problems of phonemics in infant language,2 and as regards vocabulary patterns, it is impossible to glean any information from the customary alphabetical word lists.3 In a multitude of books on infant language it has been established that the acquisition of language properly speaking is preceded by a period, called 'babillage' (by H. Delacroix), 'Lallperiode' (by K. Bfihler), or babbling stage, during which the speech organs are developed and incessantly exercised. Even the most outlandish sounds, i.e. speech sounds which the child has certainly never heard, may be produced and perfectly articulated during this time. An American child may pronounce velar spirants, voiceless nasals, retroflex sibilants, etc. During the early stages a uvular r is quite common.4 Joan was particularly addicted (3d to 8th) to velar g-sounds and to voiceless palatal spirants.5 At the end of this stage, i.e. with the first appearance of phonemes, the ability to produce a multitude of speech sounds seems to vanish overnight." However,