Work-related psychosocial risk factors and mental health problems amongst nurses at a university hospital in Estonia: A cross-sectional study
Work-related psychosocial risk factors and mental health problems amongst nurses at a university hospital in Estonia: A cross-sectional study
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DOI：
10.1177/1403494815579477
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Merisalu, Eda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freimann, Tiina;Merisalu, Eda
目的：爱沙尼亚卫生保健系统的快速变化对护理专业施加了额外的压力，但心理社会变化的潜在影响尚未得到调查。我们旨在探索爱沙尼亚大学医院护士中与工作相关的社会心理风险因素及其与精神健康问题（MHPs）的关系。方法：对塔尔图大学附属医院注册护士进行横断面调查。使用第二版哥本哈根社会心理问卷（COPSOQ II）测量社会心理工作因素和MHPs（压力、躯体症状、抑郁症状和倦怠）。采用描述性统计、Pearson’s r相关及序贯Bonferroni校正对数据进行分析。结果：分析对象为404名护士（占全职护士人数的45%）。在积极的与工作相关的社会心理因素中，平均得分最高的是工作意义、角色清晰度、社会关系和员工之间的相互信任。在消极因素方面得分最高的是隐藏情绪的需求、工作节奏、认知和情感需求。压力和倦怠在MHPs中表现出最高的平均分。定量需求和情绪需求与所有MHPs呈正相关，而工作节奏和角色冲突与压力和倦怠呈正相关。所有研究的负性心理社会因素均与职业倦怠显著相关。结论：与工作相关的社会心理风险因素，如工作量、情感需求、工作节奏和角色冲突，与爱沙尼亚护士的MHPs有显著的正相关关系，并可能导致护士的高水平压力和倦怠。
Aim: Rapid changes in the Estonian health care system have placed extra pressure on the nursing profession, but the potential impacts of psychosocial changes have not been investigated. We aimed to explore the work-related psychosocial risk factors and their relationships with mental health problems (MHPs) amongst nurses at the university hospital in Estonia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken amongst registered nurses at Tartu University Hospital (TUH). Psychosocial work factors and MHPs (stress, somatic symptoms, depressive symptoms and burnout) were measured using version two of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II). Descriptive statistics and Pearson's r correlation with sequential Bonferroni correction were used to analyse the data. Results: The analysis was based on 404 nurses (45% of the full-time working population of nurses). The highest mean scores recorded for the positive work-related psychosocial factors studied were meaning of work, role clarity, social relationships and mutual trust between employees. The highest scores for the negative factors studied were the demands for hiding emotions, work pace, cognitive and emotional demands. Stress and burnout showed the highest mean scores amongst the MHPs. Quantitative and emotional demands were positively related to all of the studied MHPs, while work pace and role conflicts had a positive correlation with stress and burnout. All of the studied negative psychosocial factors were significantly correlated with burnout. Conclusions: Work-related psychosocial risk factors such as quantitative demands (work load), emotional demands, work pace and role conflicts, had significant positive relationships with MHPs in nurses in Estonia, and may contribute to high levels of stress as well as burnout amongst nurses.