Does the passability of apertures change when walking through human versus pole obstacles?
Does the passability of apertures change when walking through human versus pole obstacles?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.10.007
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Frank, James S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hackney, Amy L.;Cinelli, Michael E.;Frank, James S.
目前的研究旨在评估人们如何通过不同固定障碍物形成的缝隙。具体来说，我们研究了是否通过孔不同的人和杆障碍物之间的量化孔径交叉行为，如临界点。参与者走了一条8米长的小路，朝着终点的一个可见目标走去。两个障碍物被放置在距离起始位置5米的地方，参与者被指示在障碍物之间通过而不撞到它们。障碍物之间的距离在参与者肩宽的1.0到1.8倍之间。结果表明，当障碍物是人时，个体在更大的孔径处更频繁地旋转肩膀，这由更大的临界点证明（1.7比1.3杆），开始肩旋转更早，旋转到更大的程度，留下了更广泛的间隙之间的肩膀和障碍物在穿越时，并且与障碍物是杆时相比，当接近和通过障碍物时走得更慢。此外，相关性分析表明，一个人的临界点的极点和人类障碍物的临界点之间的变化量与社会风险承担和步行速度的变化。因此，当在两个人与两个物体之间行走时，孔的可通过性似乎改变，使得对于人类障碍物需要更多的空间和更大的谨慎。对人为障碍物的更大谨慎可能是考虑到其他人的个人空间需求，而这些需求在同一程度上不存在于杆上，并且谨慎程度与社会因素有关。(C)2015 Elsevier B.V.版权所有。
The current study set out to evaluate how individuals walk through apertures created by different stationary obstacles. Specifically, we examined whether the passability of apertures differed between human and pole obstacles by quantifying aperture crossing behaviors such as the critical point. Participants walked an 8 m path toward a visible goal located at the end. Two obstacles were positioned 5 m from the starting location and participants were instructed to pass between the obstacles without hitting them. The distance between the obstacles ranged between 1.0 and 1.8x the participant's shoulder width. Results revealed that, When the obstacles were humans, individuals rotated their shoulders more frequently at larger apertures, as evidenced by a larger critical point (1.7 vs 1.3 for poles), initiated shoulder rotations earlier, rotated to a larger degree, left a wider clearance between their shoulders and the obstacles at the time of crossing, and walked slower when approaching and passing through the obstacles compared to when the obstacles were poles. Furthermore, correlational analyses revealed that the amount of change between an individual's critical point for the poles and the critical point for the human obstacles was related to social risk-taking and changes in walking speed. Therefore, it appears that the passability of apertures changes when walking between two people versus two objects such that more space and greater caution are needed for human obstacles. It is possible that the greater caution observed for human obstacles is to account for the personal space needs of others that do not exist in the same extent for poles and that the degree of caution is related to social factors. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.