A Mobile Ecological Momentary Assessment Tool (devilSPARC) for Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviors in College Students: A Validation Study.
A Mobile Ecological Momentary Assessment Tool (devilSPARC) for Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviors in College Students: A Validation Study.
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DOI：
10.2196/jmir.5969
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发表时间：
2016-07-27
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Dunton G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruening M;van Woerden I;Todd M;Brennhofer S;Laska MN;Dunton G
科学研究中常用的大多数营养和身体活动评估方法都受到回忆和社会期望偏差的影响，这导致了对行为的多报或少报。基于实时移动的生态瞬时评估（mema）可以减少测量偏差，最大限度地减少参与者的负担。目的是检验与24小时饮食回忆和加速计相比，mEMA方法评估饮食和身体活动水平的有效性。本研究是大学生体育活动和营养的社会影响研究的先导试验，旨在确定友谊网络影响青少年体重相关行为的机制。开发了一款名为devilSPARC的mEMA应用程序，用于实时评估体重相关行为。来自西南一所大型大学的109名新生和社区导师将devilSPARC mEMA应用程序下载到他们的个人手机上。在4天的过程中，参与者每天被随机提示8次完成mema。在同样的4天期间，参与者完成了多达3次24小时的饮食回顾和/或4天的加速测量。自我报告的mEMA反应与24小时饮食回忆和加速度测量进行比较，使用比较统计数据，如匹配率、敏感性和特异性，以及混合模型优势比，并根据重复测量之间的个人相关性进行调整。在一天的水平上，通过mEMA应用程序报告的总膳食摄入量数据反映了24小时召回中记录的饮食选择。豆类的匹配率最低，水果和蔬菜的匹配率最高。扩大mEMA反应两侧24小时饮食回忆数据的聚集窗口导致特异性增加和敏感性降低。对于身体活动行为，通过mEMA报告的活动水平在久坐和非久坐的一天水平上是不同的，这是由加速度计测量的。devilSPARC mEMA应用程序可以有效地评估饮食行为和日常久坐活动的存在。这种mEMA可能有助于研究实时体重相关行为。
The majority of nutrition and physical activity assessments methods commonly used in scientific research are subject to recall and social desirability biases, which result in over- or under-reporting of behaviors. Real-time mobile-based ecological momentary assessments (mEMAs) may result in decreased measurement biases and minimize participant burden. The aim was to examine the validity of a mEMA methodology to assess dietary and physical activity levels compared to 24-hour dietary recalls and accelerometers. This study was a pilot test of the SPARC (Social impact of Physical Activity and nutRition in College) study, which aimed to determine the mechanism by which friendship networks impact weight-related behaviors among young people. An mEMA app, devilSPARC, was developed to assess weight-related behaviors in real time. A diverse sample of 109 freshmen and community mentors attending a large southwestern university downloaded the devilSPARC mEMA app onto their personal mobile phones. Participants were prompted randomly eight times per day over the course of 4 days to complete mEMAs. During the same 4-day period, participants completed up to three 24-hour dietary recalls and/or 4 days of accelerometry. Self-reported mEMA responses were compared to 24-hour dietary recalls and accelerometry measures using comparison statistics, such as match rate, sensitivity and specificity, and mixed model odds ratios, adjusted for within-person correlation among repeated measurements. At the day level, total dietary intake data reported through the mEMA app reflected eating choices also captured by the 24-hour recall. Entrées had the lowest match rate, and fruits and vegetables had the highest match rate. Widening the window of aggregation of 24-hour dietary recall data on either side of the mEMA response resulted in increased specificity and decreased sensitivity. For physical activity behaviors, levels of activity reported through mEMA differed for sedentary versus non-sedentary activity at the day level as measured by accelerometers. The devilSPARC mEMA app is valid for assessing eating behaviors and the presence of sedentary activity at the day level. This mEMA may be useful in studies examining real-time weight-related behaviors.