Cardiorespiratory effects of nicotine exposure during development
Cardiorespiratory effects of nicotine exposure during development
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DOI：
10.1016/j.resp.2005.05.004
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发表时间：
2005-11-15
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Sundell, HW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hafström, A;Milerad, J;Sundell, HW
接触烟草烟雾是婴儿猝死综合征的一个主要危险因素。尼古丁被认为是烟草烟雾中的一种成分，它在发育过程中会对心肺产生多种影响，并且产前暴露而非产后暴露被认为是最有害的。尼古丁与大脑和肺部的内源性乙酰胆碱受体相互作用，发育过程中的暴露会导致结构变化以及神经调节的改变。在交感迷走平衡、觉醒阈值和潜伏期、静息呼吸模式和呼吸暂停频率、对高氧或低氧的通气反应、心率调节以及严重低氧时的自动复苏能力等方面都已发现异常。这篇综述讨论了对吸烟母亲的婴儿以及接触尼古丁的动物所进行的研究，这些研究得出了不同的、有时甚至不一致的结果，这可能是由于实验设计、物种和暴露剂量的差异所致。然而，综合来看，发育过程中的尼古丁暴露似乎会导致在低氧时的脆弱性以及在严重窒息时可能无法存活。（c）2005爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Exposure to tobacco smoke is a major risk factor for the sudden infant death syndrome. Nicotine is thought to be the ingredient in tobacco smoke that is responsible for a multitude of cardiorespiratory effects during development, and pre- rather than postnatal exposure is considered to be most detrimental. Nicotine interacts with endogenous acetylcholine receptors in the brain and lung, and developmental exposure produces structural changes as well as alterations in neuroregulation. Abnormalities have been described in sympathicovagal balance, arousal threshold and latency, breathing pattern at rest and apnea frequency, ventilatory response to hyperoxia or hypoxia, heart rate regulation and ability to autoresuscitate during severe hypoxia. This review discusses studies performed on infants of smoking mothers and nicotine-exposed animals yielding varying and sometimes inconsistent results that may be due to differences in experimental design, species and the dose of exposure. Taken together however, developmental nicotine exposure appears to induce vulnerability during hypoxia and a potential inability to survive severe asphyxia. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.