Identification of the source caldera for the Middle Miocene ash‐flow tuffs in the Kii Peninsula based on apatite trace‐element composition

Identification of the source caldera for the Middle Miocene ash‐flow tuffs in the Kii Peninsula based on apatite trace‐element composition
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基于磷灰石微量元素成分识别纪伊半岛中中新世灰流凝灰岩源区

DOI:
10.1111/iar.12404
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
Hironao Shinjoe
Hironao Shinjoe
中科院分区:
地球科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Reishi Takashima;Hiroyuki Hoshi;Yutaka Wada;Hironao Shinjoe

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大约14-15 Ma,纪伊半岛中南部存在一个由至少四个破火山口(大峰、大台、熊野北和熊野破火山口)组成的大型破火山口群。另一方面,厚厚的中中新世灰流凝灰岩,称为室室灰流凝灰岩和石佛凝灰岩段,分布在纪伊半岛北部。尽管这些凝灰岩被认为是从纪伊半岛中南部的火山口群喷发出来的,但由于这些火山碎屑岩的岩石学特征和相同的辐射年龄的相似性,识别该火山群中的火山口源一直存在争议。根据火山碎屑岩脉和火山灰流凝灰岩的磷灰石微量元素成分,成功判别了火山口群中各火山口喷发产物的特征。我们还证明,至少室生灰流凝灰岩和石佛凝灰岩段下部主要部分的源火山口是位于纪伊半岛中部的大台火山口。我们的研究结果表明,火山碎屑管道和火山口填充物和/或流出沉积物的灰流凝灰岩之间可能存在相关性,即使它们已被密集焊接和成岩改变。该方法对于研究深受侵蚀的古代破火山口很有用。
A large caldera cluster consisting of at least four calderas (Omine, Odai, Kumano‐North and Kumano calderas) existed in the central–southern part of the Kii Peninsula approximately 14–15 Ma. On the other hand, thick Middle Miocene ash‐flow tuffs, referred to as the Muro Ash‐flow Tuff and the Sekibutsu Tuff Member, are distributed in the northern part of the Kii Peninsula. Although these tuffs are considered to have erupted from the caldera cluster in the central‐southern Kii Peninsula, identifying the source caldera in the cluster has been controversial because of similarities in the petrological characteristics and identical radiometric ages of the volcaniclastic rocks of these calderas. We successfully discriminated the characteristics of the eruptive products of each caldera in the caldera cluster based on the apatite trace‐element compositions of the pyroclastic dikes and ash‐flow tuffs of the calderas. We also demonstrated that the source caldera of at least the lower main part of the Muro Ash‐flow Tuff and the Sekibutsu Tuff Member was the Odai Caldera, which is located in the central Kii Peninsula. Our findings show possible correlations among the pyroclastic conduits and ash‐flow tuffs of the caldera‐fill and/or outflow deposits, even in cases where they have been densely welded and diagenetically altered. This method is useful for the study of deeply eroded ancient calderas.
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